Comparison Of After-Class Inquiring Exercises Of The New And The Old Version Compulsory Chemistry Textbooks (PEP Version) Of High School And Its Enlightenment

With the continuous development of curriculum reform in China,high school chemistry textbooks which is edited according to the high school chemical course standards are innovating.The latest guidance document of ordinary high school chemical course,the Ordinary High School Chemical Course Standard(2017 Version),pays great attention to cultivate students' experimental ability,scientific exploring ability and innovative ability.It also pointed out that teachers should diagnose and develop students' chemical core literacy through elaborately compiled with textbooks' exercises to realize the combination of ‘teaching,learning,and evaluation'.Inquiring exercises are is a kind of exercises that draw conclusions by the way of analyzing and comprehending the material information,combining chemical knowledge and skills,and simulating knowledge of scientific research process.It can also stimulate students' interest in learning and strengthen students' comprehensive capabilities from multiple perspectives and scientific inquiring ability.In this thesis,we compared and analyzed the different of inquiring exercises between 2019 and the 2004 version of ordinary high school chemistry textbooks.This research aims is to summarize the characteristics and the changing trends of the inquiring exercises in the chemistry textbooks.We also tried to through inquiring exercises teaching practice of to get teaching inspirations which could provide teachers with references for designs inquiring exercises and inquiring activity to cultivate students' chemical core literacy.This thesis consists of four parts,and the detail content of each part is listed as follows:In the first part,we analyzed the literature related to inquiring exercises.According to this result,we understand the current state of development of inquiring exercises in China and abroad.We also study and analyze the theoretical basis of inquiring exercises,and summarize the conceptual features and research methods of inquiring exercises.In the second part,we analyzed the inquiring exercises of the 2019 and the 2004 version of ordinary high school chemistry textbooks through the statistical and comparative methods,from four dimensions,i.e.the distribution of the topics of the exercises,the situation,the investigative abilities and the exploring completeness of the inquiry.Through these analysis result,we found that the quantity of inquiring exercises in the 2019 version of the ordinary high school chemistry textbooks has increased significantly,especially,the quantity of inquiring exercises about two themes “common inorganic substances” and “chemical reaction principles” increased significantly;Because the quantity of inquiring exercises which situations is associated with the real life or the chemical class,it was also increased significantly,but the difficulty of the situations are decrease;there is also a significant increase in the number of inquiring exercises that exhibited the complete chemical inquiry process;there is also a balanced distribution of inquiring exercises that evaluate and develop inquiry skills in six areas: asking questions,conjecturing hypotheses,designing solutions,collecting evidence,processing and analyzing evidence,summarizing conclusions,expressing and communicating.According to the above analysis,we obtained some teaching enlightenment: teachers should pay more attention to creating situations that are easy to arouse students' interest and benefit for the enhancement of students' ability,which main situations associated with social life and technology and the situations of chemical experiments connected students' with real life or ordinary chemistry class;teachers should focus on developing students' scientific inquiry skills in searching for the evidence processing and analysis process which would be good to the overall development of students' inquiry skills;meanwhile increasing the number of complete inquiry experiences and exercises,and enhance the of sectional inquiring exercises practice.In the third part,according to the teaching enlightenment obtained in the second part,we taking “chemical reactions and electric energy” as an model,we designed an inquiring exercise lesson with the main goal of enhancing students' scientific inquiry literacy.Firstly,we help students build correct battery model through exercising,and then consolidate students' understanding of batteries and develop their chemical core literacy through the inquiring activity of making a simple battery and lithium battery exercises.The result of in-class test proved that the effect of the inquiring exercise lesson is better,and it is more benefit for the development of students.From the teaching practice,teachers should focus on helping students to revise their cognitive models by practicing in real-life situations and focus on developing inquiring exercises by inquiring activities to develop students' scientific inquiring skills and chemical core literacy;and improving the efficiency of inquiry through group activities to strengthen students' teamwork skills.In the fourth part,we summarizes the characteristics of inquiring exercises and the changes trend of inquiring exercises in textbooks,and puts forward teaching suggestions and enlightenment related to teaching design and inquiring activity design.