Research On The Impact Of Population Structure On Household Saving Rate

As we all know,under the background of the comprehensive and sustainable development of social economy and the rising of residents' income,China's residents' savings rate has also maintained a high level for a long time.We must see that although the high level of residents' savings makes the financial market of our country have more abundant investment funds in theory,which makes the economic growth have a sustained post driving force,but the high level of residents' savings also reflects the problems of low consumption level,insufficient demand,insufficient economic vitality and so on.The hidden economic and social development reality of high savings,such as the low entrepreneurial enthusiasm of residents,poor investment environment and weak consumption,makes it an important economic and social problem worthy of serious study and consideration.In recent years,the acceleration of the trend of population aging has made the demographic dividend of our country decline gradually since the reform and opening up.The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee decided to implement the policy of one couple with two children from 2016 to deal with the problem of population aging.In addition,the problem of unbalanced gender ratio has become a hot topic of social concern.In view of the reasons for the high savings of Chinese residents and the relationship between the high savings and the actual situation of China's economic and social development,the academic community has carried out a lot of research and discussion.This paper focuses on the study of the impact of population structure changes on the savings rate of residents in the new social situation.This paper first summarizes and sorts out the existing literature,explains the relevant theories of the relationship between population structure and household savings rate,and further discusses the influence mechanism between them.so as to provide a theoretical basis for later research;then it introduces and summarizes the current population structure and the overall situation of household savings in China.mainly from the population age structure In the last part of the empirical research.we choose the saving rate as the explained variable.such as children's raising ratio,old-age raising ratio.population sex ratio.comprehensive two child policy variable.etc In order to explain the variables and construct a dynamic panel model,using the dynamic panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2000 to 2018,we choose the mixed regression model,the fixed effect model and the random effect model to compare and choose the results.After the robustness test,we believe that the population age structure,the gender structure and the comprehensive second child policy variables all significantly affect the household savings rate.The conclusion is as follows:1.Juvenile dependency ratio has a negative impact on the saving rate of residents,and the implementation of comprehensive two child policy has a certain inhibition on the saving willingness of residents;2.The elderly dependency ratio has a positive impact on the saving rate of population and the aging trend makes residents increase their savings to meet the needs of the elderly;3.The gender ratio of population has a positive correlation with the saving rate of residents.Finally,this paper summarizes the results of empirical analysis,and comprehensively summarizes the direction and extent of the role of population structure in the saving rate of residents,and how to adjust the saving rate of residents to a reasonable range to further boost consumption and promote the steady development of economy under the new situation.