| Land is the mother of all things,and water is the source of all things.Water and land resources are the material conditions for human survival and development.They are the important foundation of grain production and the lifeline of agriculture.The matching degree of agricultural water and land resources is directly related to the grain production capacity of cultivated land and the utilization efficiency of water resources.As a major agricultural province and an important commodity grain base,Heilongjiang plays a key role in ensuring national food security.With the challenges of tight resource constraints,environmental pollution and ecosystem degradation,it is urgent to find effective ways to alleviate resource shortages,ensure regional food production and promote sustainable agricultural development,coordinate the allocation of water and land resources elements,and improve the management measures and systems of water and land resources.At the municipal level,the scale,structure and timing of agricultural water and land resources utilization should be regulated to ensure and enhance agricultural production capacity.In this paper,Gini coefficient and agricultural water and land resources matching coefficient are used to characterize the spatial and temporal pattern of agricultural water and land resources matching in Heilongjiang Province,and reveal its synergistic evolution process and sustainable characteristics.By coupling the Sen trend degree and Hurst value of agricultural water and land resources matching coefficient,combined with the coordination logic of resource-function-food association of regional characteristics such as resource endowment,main function and grain production,different types of agricultural water and land resources matching control areas are divided,and countermeasures and suggestions for efficient allocation of agricultural water and land resources are put forward.(1)During 2009 – 2019,the spatial and temporal distribution of agricultural water and land resources at the municipal level in Heilongjiang Province was unbalanced.Affected by topography,quantity of cultivated land resources and precipitation,the pattern of ’ more land and less water ’ in Qiqihar in the west,Jiamusi in Daqing and Shuangyashan in the east,and the pattern of ’ more water and less land ’ in Yichun in the middle and Daxinganling in the northwest.Although this stage is the stage of rapid expansion of urbanization in China,Heilongjiang Province has vigorously developed the planting industry,strengthened land development and improvement,and strengthened the “ drought to water ” project.The total amount of cultivated land resources in the whole province has remained at a certain level.During this period,the total amount of cultivated land resources in the whole province has shown a slight fluctuation change of decrease – increase– decrease – increase,which is mainly concentrated in the Songnen Plain in the west and the Sanjiang Plain in the east,and there is a certain distribution in the central and northwestern regions.The total amount of water resources mainly shows a trend of decrease – increase – decrease –increase,with a large increase and decrease.It is mainly distributed in Harbin,Mudanjiang,Yichun,Hegang and other cities in the central region and Daxing ’ anling region in the northwest.Daqing,Qiqihar,Qitaihe and other cities on the east and west sides are relatively scarce.(2)During 2009 – 2019,the overall coordination level of agricultural water and land resources in the province has been improved,but the regional differences are obvious.The analysis of four time nodes showed that the matching coefficient of Jiamusi,Shuangyashan,Qitai River in the east and Qiqihar,Daqing in the west was not high,and the coordination level of agricultural water resources and cultivated land resources in space was low.The matching coefficient of Harbin,Hegang,Heihe and Mudanjiang is moderate,and the coordination level of agricultural water resources and cultivated land resources is relatively reasonable.Daxing ’ anling and Yichun have forest ecological function,arable land is scarce and water resources are surplus.Although the matching coefficient of agricultural water and land resources is high,the elements of agricultural water and land resources do not match.On the time scale,the Gini coefficient of agricultural water and land resources matching in the whole province showed a good trend of increase-decrease-increase-decrease,which decreased from 0.3712 to 0.2745,and the structure and mode of cultivated land resource utilization gradually tended to be reasonable.The matching coefficient of agricultural water and land resources in the whole province showed a decreasing-increasing-decreasing-increasing trend(range 0.22 ～ 0.69).The matching coefficient of agricultural water and land resources in various regions fluctuated in varying degrees.Yichun City and Daxing ’ anling area fluctuated greatly,and Qiqihar,Daqing,Jiamusi and Suihua were relatively stable.(3)The coupling results of Sen trend degree(range-0.0300 – 0.1525)and Hurst index(range 0.6141 – 0.9730)based on the matching coefficient of agricultural water and land resources show that the matching coefficient of agricultural water and land resources in the whole province presents a continuous upward trend,and the proportion of prefecture-level cities with an upward trend is as high as 92.3 %.On the spatial scale,the trend of the matching coefficient of agricultural water and land resources in the whole province shows a strong continuous increase,which is mainly distributed in Jixi,Hegang,Mudanjiang,Heihe,Suihua and other cities in the western,central and southeast regions.Harbin,Qiqihar,Shuangyashan,Yichun and other cities in the western,central and eastern regions with a strong continuous increase;the weak persistent increase is mainly distributed in Jiamusi City in the northeast;weakly persistent increase is mainly distributed in Daqing,Qitaihe and other cities in the western and southeast regions;Daxing ’ anling area area showed a strong continuous decreasing trend.(4)The matching and coordination level of agricultural water and land resources in the province is in a relatively unbalanced state,but there is still room for adjustment.By integrating regional characteristics such as resource endowment,functional characteristics and grain production,based on the coordination logic of resource-function-grain correlation,and according to the multi-year average of agricultural water and land resource matching coefficient [ high((?)≥1),medium(0.5 ≤(?)< 1),and low((?)<0.5)],three control areas are divided,including water conservation and storage area,water and land optimization control area and water diversion and water saving irrigation area,and the differentiated control direction is formulated.From the four aspects of quality,coordination,ecology and digitalization,this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to further strengthen the ’ double quantity ’ control of water and land resources,enhance the coordinated management level of water and land resources,coordinate agricultural development and ecological space governance,and strengthen the supervision of digital leading water and land resources,so as to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of cultivated land resources and water resources,and realize the optimal allocation of regional agricultural water and land resources. |
PDF Full Text Request