Reconstruction Characters Of Polarization Holography

Holography records and reconstructs information by using the principle of interference and diffraction.In the recording stage,the signal wave interferes with the reference wave and the interference fringes are generated in the photosensitive material.The generated interference fringes contain the amplitude and phase information of the signal wave.In the reconstructing stage,the recording material is irradiated by a reading wave that strictly meets the Bragg condition,and the reconstructed wave can be generated.In the above holography,the recording material is sensitive to the amplitude and phase only,and it is called conventional holography.The recording materials employed in polarization holography are sensitive to amplitude and polarization state.Therefore,even if the polarization states of the signal wave and reference wave are orthogonal,the information of amplitude,phase,and polarization can be recorded in the material.The polarization holography can record all the information of optical wave,thus it has attracted extensive attention.In the polarization holography theory described by Jones’ vector,the signal wave and reference wave need to meet paraxial conditions,which limits the theoretical exploration and practical application of polarization holography.In 2011,Kuroda et al.proposed a new polarization holography theory based on the tensor method.In this new theory,the refractive index change of recording material is expressed by dielectric tensor.The recording stage and reconstructing stage of polarization holography are described,and the expression of light field distribution of reconstructed wave is given.Directed by the tensor polarization holography theory,polarization holography with any recording angle can be described accurately,and the results under paraxial approximation are consistent with those of Jones polarization holography theory.Based on the tensor polarization holography theory,the reconstruction characters of polarization holography recorded by orthogonal as well as identical polarization states are studied.(1)In polarization holography,what we concern is three particular reconstruction characters,namely faithful reconstruction,null reconstruction,and orthogonal reconstruction.Moreover,the general reconstruction characters may be obtained by the combination of the aforementioned characters.There are many theoretical achievements and practical applications about faithful reconstruction and null reconstruction,but the research on orthogonal reconstruction is scarce.Based on the tensor polarization holography theory,the electrical field of reconstructed wave recorded by orthogonal polarized waves is derived in this paper.It is found that the key to observe the orthogonal reconstruction is in the recording angle and the obtuse angle is good for the observation.With the increase of recording angle,the orthogonal reconstruction is easier to be observed.In this work,we have carried out the experiments for the recording angles of120° and 150°,and the experimental results are satisfying.(2)The polarization holography can be regarded as the superposition of that recorded by orthogonal polarized waves and identical polarized waves.For the former,there have been many achievements about its reconstruction characteristics until now.However,for the latter,there is few research.In addition,Because the polarization-insensitive material is used in the recording process,the conventional holography cannot record polarization information.Hence,if the signal and reference waves have the different polarization state,only the same polarization component do contribute to the recorded hologram.Thus,the conventional holography can also be regarded as the interference of the same polarization component contained in the signal wave and the reference wave.and the polarization state of the reconstructed wave is always consistent with that of the reading wave.Based on the tensor polarization holography theory,the electrical field of reconstructed wave recorded by the identical elliptically polarized waves is derived in this work.Theoretical analysis shows that faithful reconstruction,null reconstruction,and orthogonal reconstruction can also occur in polarization holography recorded with the same polarized waves.Furthermore,the material being not sensitive to polarization state,the reconstruction character is consistent with that of conventional holography.