Carbon Accounting And Emission Reduction Path Optimization For A Steel Company

Under the global consensus to actively address climate change,China has set clear targets of peaking carbon emissions by 2030 and becoming carbon neutral by2060.The iron and steel industry,as a resources and energy intensive industry,consumes a lot of fossil energy,and produces 15%of the greenhouse gas emissions of the country’s total carbon emissions,and is one of the key target trades to achieve energy saving and emission reduction in China.Thus,promoting low-carbon and green development in iron and steel industry will make important contributions towards achieving China’s"double carbon"goal and high-quality economic development.In this paper,we established the enterprise carbon emission accounting system based on B/S architecture,on the basis of a long-process iron and steel enterprise as case.In this accounting system,the Vue and element UI framework were implemented in front page design and display,the Spring Boot and Mybatis persistence layer framework were used to develop the back-end functions,and the My SQL open source database was used for data storage and management.The whole system finally realized the collection,calculation,display and management of carbon emission data about an iron and steel industry,and making the calculation and management of energy data and carbon emission data more effectively and conveniently.We constructed the Leap-Carbon Neutralization model of this enterprise based on the LEAP platform after the enterprise carbon emission accounting,and set different scenarios to predict the energy demand and carbon emission quantity of this enterprises from 2019 to 2050,such as the benchmark scenario,comprehensive emission reduction scenario（production capacity optimization,energy efficiency improvement,electric power optimization）and energy structure optimization scenario.Finally,the low-carbon development path is proposed for enterprises combing cost-benefit and energy-saving potential analysis.During the period spanning from 2019 to 2021,coal consumption constituted91.44%of the energy structure of the enterprise,and the average comprehensive energy consumption per ton of steel amounted to 462.83 kgce/t.Furthermore,the average comparable energy consumption per ton of steel was 481 kgce/t,surpassing members of the China Iron and Steel Association by 45.04 kgce/t and Nippon Steel Corporation by 78 kgce/t.According to the World Steel Association,the average carbon emissions intensity was 1.283 t CO₂/t crude steel,indicating a significant disparity in contrast to advanced enterprises（1.19 t CO₂/t crude steel）and Nippon Steel Corporation（1.04 t CO₂/t crude steel）.Nonetheless,the trend in comprehensive energy consumption per ton of steel has been consistently declining,indicating some progress in energy conservation and emission reduction.Based on scenario analysis,the enterprise should prioritize energy efficiency improvement measures by adopting the comprehensive emission reduction scenario as the optimal carbon reduction path,from 2019 to 2033.Under this scenario,cumulative energy consumption would amount to 66.05 Mtce,representing a reduction of 7.11 Mtce compared to the baseline scenario and 1.08 Mtce compared to the energy optimization scenario.Furthermore,cumulative carbon emissions would be 127.27 million tons,a decrease of 18.82million tons relative to the baseline scenario and 1.47 million tons compared to the energy optimization scenario.The unit carbon reduction cost would amount to 1.94yuan/t CO₂,which is 0.03 yuan/t CO₂less than the energy optimization scenario.For the period spanning from 2034 to 2060,the enterprise should select emission reduction measures under the energy structure optimization scenario.During this phase,cumulative energy consumption is projected to be 72.74 Mtce,which is 132.83Mtce less than the baseline scenario and 18.45 Mtce less than the comprehensive emission reduction scenario.In addition,cumulative carbon emissions are expected to reach 98.01 million tons,representing a decrease of 349.3 million tons relative to the baseline scenario and 56.28 million tons compared to the comprehensive emission reduction scenario.The unit carbon reduction cost is estimated to be 0.24 yuan/t CO₂,which is 0.1 yuan/t CO₂less than the comprehensive emission reduction scenario.In conclusion,for long-process iron and steel enterprises,the most cost-effective method for achieving optimal emission reduction is by implementing a combination of energy efficiency improvement and energy structure optimization measures.