Study The Influence Of Population Heterogeneity And Access Control System On The Safe Evacuation Of People In High-rise Inpatient Department

In recent years,China’s large general hospitals have developed rapidly,which not only brings people a good medical environment,advanced medical equipment and superior medical conditions,but also brings many potential safety hazards.On the one hand,the hospital is densely populated,gathering a large number of patients and their families all over the country.The composition of hospital personnel is complex,including not only healthy personnel but also various types of patients.The characteristics of population heterogeneity are very obvious.There are great differences in action ability and evacuation methods,which has a serious negative impact on the safe evacuation of personnel.On the other hand,large general hospitals have the characteristics of various medical equipment and complex power system structure,which greatly improves the possibility of fire accidents caused by their faults.In addition,from the beginning of 2020,so far,under the background of COVID-19 raging,many hospitals have installed access control systems in the import and export department to strengthen the management of personnel entry and exit.This has brought new challenges to evacuation.Therefore,the heterogeneity of hospital population and the impact of entrance and exit access control system on personnel safe evacuation deserve in-depth study.Firstly,on the basis of consulting journals,news and reports of hospital fire accidents from government departments at all levels,this paper analyzes and studies a large number of hospital fire accidents in recent years.The results show that the common fire points in hospitals are ward,canteen,power distribution room,examination room,warehouse,cable well,parking lot,outpatient service,operating room,etc.among them,the fire frequency in inpatient department is the highest and the number of casualties is the highest;The common causes of fire in hospitals include electrical failure,untimely cleaning of oil fume pipeline,open fire,gas leakage,explosion of oxygen tank,arson,etc.Among them,the fire frequency caused by the failure of electrical equipment is the highest,and caused a large number of casualties.Subsequently,the author investigated a large number of literatures,selected the high-rise inpatient department,and analyzed the complex heterogeneity of the hospital population.The analysis results show that the heterogeneity of the inpatient department population is mainly reflected in the large evacuation speed span(0.13 m/s～1.95 m/s)and the large difference in the occupied space during evacuation(0.19 m~2～1.14 m~2),and for some patients with weak autonomous evacuation ability,the selection of evacuation mode is more limited than that of ordinary people.On the basis of this study,the author visited many hospitals and found that the distribution of inpatient wards and the types of access control at the entrance and exit of each hospital are different.Therefore,the author deeply explored the layout of inpatient wards and the impact of access control system on personnel evacuation,and came to the conclusion that adjusting the arrangement of inpatient wards in s hospital can reduce the total evacuation time by 10.96%;There are two common access control types at hospital entrances and exits:plane host access control and wedge host access control.The evacuation efficiency of entrances and exits with wedge host access control is higher;When the width of the host is increased,the total evacuation time of the two kinds of access control will be shortened,but the evacuation time saving rate of the wedge host is much higher than that of the plane host;Wedge angle of wedge-shaped hostβThe size of has a great impact on the total evacuation time.With the increase of personnel density,βThe influence of the size of on the total evacuation time is more and more obvious whenβ=15。The total evacuation time is the shortest.This paper mainly uses netcrawler,NVivo and Pathfinder to carry out research.This study has certain guiding significance for the daily fire inspection of the hospital,the layout of inpatient ward and the setting of entrance and exit access control.