Research On The Spatial Pattern Of Landscapes In The Construction Of Traditional Settlements On The Loess Plateau Of Shaanxi Province

As the most basic and primitive settlement unit,traditional settlements contain the deep cognition and deep-rooted ideology of the local people about the land under their feet.The sustainable development of China’s land space is inseparable from the study and research of traditional settlement units.The study of the connotation and process of traditional settlement landscape construction in the discipline of landscape architecture has higher practical significance and development value.At the same time,in the face of the limited development and disordered development and construction of traditional villages,the related research on the spatial pattern of traditional settlements is even more urgent.Shaanxi Loess Plateau is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese national culture.Therefore,the research on the natural landscape space of traditional settlements on the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi has certain representative and guiding significance for the development of urban and rural landscape space in Shaanxi.Based on the perspective of landscape architecture,the paper comprehensively uses literature research,empirical research,interview investigation,inductive deduction and other research methods,taking the traditional settlement landscape space of the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi as the research object,and constructs a "basic research-landscape construction feature analysis-natural landscape elements".The research framework is mainly based on sorting out the characteristics of the pattern-summarizing the typical landscape spatial patterns-using the promotion strategy.First,through the collection and analysis of basic geographic information and data,the development history and natural environment status of the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi were clarified,and the traditional villages in it were systematically classified.Secondly,combined with relevant historical documents and field research,the conceptual background of "landscape construction" in traditional settlements is summarized,and its ideological and cultural basis,scale classification,structural elements,and construction content are discussed.Furthermore,based on the identification of the natural space of traditional settlements,the types of elements of the settlement landscape space are clarified,and the pattern characteristics of each element are further summarized.Finally,combined with the spatial representation of typical traditional settlements and the characteristics of the spatial elements of each landscape,the paper summarizes seven types of landscape spatial patterns in the construction of typical traditional settlement landscapes.Taking the protection and development of landscape features as the starting point,the optimization of the natural landscape space of traditional settlements is proposed.Take advantage of strategies.The paper mainly draws the following conclusions:(1)The 91 traditional settlements on the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi can be classified and summarized from the perspectives of topography,spatial pattern,and historical function,including 5,4,and 3 types.(2)The construction of traditional settlement landscape mainly includes three parts: "understanding and interpretation of traditional philosophical concepts","selection and judgment of natural and geographical conditions",and "response and construction of survival and development needs",and further 13 specific construction elements can be summarized.In the settlement space,the spatial construction level of "mountain-water-forest-field-village" is formed;the settlement space structure is "core-surrounding-traversing";and the natural element relationship of "surrounding-spreading-penetration" is a total of 3 items.Build features.(3)The spatial elements of landscapes in the construction of traditional settlement landscapes on the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi can include five categories: terrain,water bodies,farmland,woodland,and grassland,and 9,5,4,4,3 more obvious spatial patterns.(4)Summarized the landscape spatial patterns in the construction of 7 typical traditional settlement landscapes,including the lying plateau Tibetan forest,along the plateau overlooking the river,leaning against the mountains and facing the water,relying on the mountains to accommodate the water,surrounding the mountains with canals,backing the mountains and facing the water,and crowning the mountains and surrounding forests.The research of this paper takes Shaanxi Loess Plateau as the background and faces the development of traditional village space.The innovation points are mainly as follows: on the one hand,within the scope of Shaanxi Loess Plateau,the theoretical achievements of regional traditional landscape construction are enriched,and the traditional settlement landscape construction system is constructed.On the other hand,by systematically summarizing the types and pattern characteristics of traditional settlement landscape spatial elements,and summarizing the settlement landscape spatial pattern,it reveals the traditional wisdom and spatial representation in the construction of traditional settlements on the Loess Plateau of Shaanxi,and emphasizes the importance of traditional settlements.The characteristics and value of natural landscape pattern.To a certain extent,the research results can provide a theoretical analysis framework for designers based on "rural revitalization",assist rural planning and design projects to fully understand the natural and cultural significance contained in the spatial pattern of traditional villages,and reduce blind construction and development.