Evaluation And Optimization Of Small And Micro Spaces In Shunyu Road, Jinan Based On Affordance Theor

After decades of extensive growth in Chinese cities,the structure of urban public space at the macro level has been basically fixed,but there is a lack of practical research on community small and micro spaces that touch the humanistic scale.At present,China’s cities are entering the era of stock planning,the central urban area is facing spatial tightening and resource saturation,the construction of public space is limited by economic policies,lack of land resources and other factors,the existing space presents the overall characteristics of unfair use and unbalanced layout,and there is currently a lack of sufficient and matching urban space to support the growing needs of residents for communication and activities.Therefore,excavating and releasing the potential of small and micro spaces is of great significance to the development of urban communities in the era of stock planning.Based on the theory of availability,starting from the interaction between environmental elements of small and micro spaces and residents,this study selected Shunyu Road Street,Central District,Jinan City as the research scope,and collected about 160 small and micro spaces,of which 33 were used as detailed research objects.Through field research,it was concluded that the richness and perfection of small and micro space components,spatial flow and spatial scale were positively correlated,and most residents carried out outdoor activities at 8～11 and 15～17,and the types of activities were mostly chatting and resting,chess and card entertainment,walking and running,and parent-child activities.Residents believe that the main problems of space lie in the poor living environment,insufficient public service facilities,unauthorized construction and occupation of public space,etc.,and the perception and appreciation of plants and leisure and entertainment facilities are high.Based on availability theory and current situation research,the availability evaluation matrix was constructed.Based on expert scoring and optimal sequence diagram method,a small and micro space evaluation system of Shunyu Road Street was constructed.Based on the evaluation system and human-environment interaction observation and evaluation of small and micro space,it is concluded that spatial availability is generally positive,functional availability has obvious advantages,sensory and cognitive availability has obvious disadvantages,and social and cultural availability is seriously lacking.There is a significant gap in the availability of space at all levels,and the spatial availability is positively correlated with the scale scale.The availability of plants and recreational facilities is high,the availability of infrastructure is low due to serious damage,and the availability of sanitation,safety and other facilities is insufficient.The spatial visual analysis of the evaluation results shows that the space with insufficient availability and need to be optimized is concentrated near the market and night market.According to the results of spatial investigation and evaluation,the availability optimization strategy of Shunyu Road Street Small and Micro Space Area Group Division,Element Improvement Guide,and Attribute Balance Policy is proposed.Secondly,based on the strategy,combined with the needs of street residents and spatial contradictions,and guided by the availability factors,the availability elements and attribute optimization mode maps of small and micro spaces are drawn.Finally,combined with the characteristics of street space types,three small and micro spaces with low availability and different types are selected for detailed planning and design to meet the needs of residents for outdoor activities.It provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for the optimization and improvement of the living environment of the old community of Jinan Shunyu Road Street under the background of stock development.