Studies On The Renewal And Utilization Designs Of Rural Idle Homesteads For Rural Revitalization In Southwest China Karst Areas

With the rapid development of China’s social economy,the problems between urban and rural areas have become increasingly prominent,especially the influx of a large number of labor into cities,which has led to significant changes in the current rural population structure,production methods,and the economic structure of farmers’ families.This in turn has led to some changes in the function of homesteads.The common phenomenon of "hollowing out" and "people walking in empty houses" in rural areas has emerged,and the problem of idle rural homesteads is becoming increasingly prominent.The 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that China needs to comprehensively implement the strategy of rural revitalization.The effective resolution of the issues of "agriculture,rural areas,and farmers" at the conference has been identified as the fundamental factor affecting the prosperity of the country.Rural revitalization,as a major strategic measure to solve the "three rural" problems in China,not only solves the fundamental problem of rural backwardness and effectively alleviates the long-standing urban-rural dual structured contradiction,but also has important significance for maintaining national stability and promoting balanced development of the country.Homestead land is a unique construction land in rural China,which includes dual functions of residential security and property.Revitalizing idle rural homesteads is not only beneficial for alleviating the pressure of urban and rural land use,effectively utilizing land resources,and increasing farmers’ income,but also helps to promote rural revitalization,establish an ecological and livable rural landscape,and promote balanced development of the country.It is of great significance.This study focuses on Gaoguan Village,Xixiu County,Guizhou Province,in the southwestern karst region of China.It systematically reviews the policy background of the renewal and utilization of idle rural homesteads in China,draws on relevant cases of successful revitalization of idle homesteads,and combines on-site research to deeply analyze the current situation and reasons of idle homesteads in Gaoguan Village.analyze 116 questionnaires and introduces the cognitive willingness of villagers for comparative analysis and correction design,following the principles of saving land resources,emphasizing integrity,and Inheriting and protecting regional culture,adhering to the five principles of sustainable development and putting people first.Propose design strategies that focus on local characteristics,meet production and living needs,adapt to diversified production needs,and continue traditional regional culture.And plan and design it.The main results of this study are as follows:Firstly,the ethnic culture,customs,and local customs of Gaoguan Village were excavated,and the main values contained in its culture were analyzed.The constituent elements of the material and intangible cultural landscapes of Gaoguan Village civilization,as well as the ethnic cultural factors that are about to disappear,were summarized.Secondly,based on the principles of conserving land resources,emphasizing integrity,adhering to sustainable development,inheriting and protecting regional culture,and putting people first,targeted renewal design strategies are proposed for idle rural homesteads in karst areas.Adopting the models of "food plus tourism","photography plus sightseeing","research plus science popularization",and "ecology plus ",idle homesteads will be integrated with mountain and forest resources to create homestays and homestays.Seizing the large-scale self driving tourism market,tourists will be provided with field scenery,photography bases,agricultural science popularization,art creation,production,processing,and warehousing places,food and other experiences,expanding their horizons and relaxing their bodies and minds in the agricultural work experience,while driving the sales of agricultural products.Thirdly,from the aspects of industrial,ecological,and cultural revitalization,specific design and transformation have been carried out on idle homesteads in karst areas: using local materials to innovate and design buildings according to local conditions,and implanting emerging industries to develop tourism;Use the restoration function of plants to control rocky desertification,improve the ecological environment,and combine the plant landscaping techniques of landscape architecture to create garden spaces with different artistic effects.The research results have significant practical application value for the current renewal and utilization of idle rural homesteads and the promotion of rural revitalization.