Research On The Improvement Of Rural Homestead Utilization Efficiency Under The Background Of Rural Revitalization

Since the reform and opening up,the rapid advancement of urbanization has not only enhanced the overall economic strength of China,but also caused problems such as the unbalanced development between urban and rural areas and the widening gap between the rich and the poor between urban and rural areas.Because the city more employment opportunities and huge economic income disparity between urban and rural areas,rural migrant workers,a large number of rural population into urban employment,resulting in a large number of rural homestead also gradually in a state of long-term idle and waste,coupled with the rural development level is not high,lack of unified planning,government mismanagement homestead,farmers’ legal consciousness and so on reasons,As a result,rural homestead layout is scattered and sporadic,homestead utilization efficiency is low,"multiple houses in one household",homestead area exceeds the standard and other problems commonly exist,and homestead resource waste and inefficient utilization are very serious.In view of the current imbalance between urban and rural development in China,the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed the implementation of rural revitalization strategy,striving to activate rural land,industry and other factors,and solve the current rural development problems.As an important rural land resource,homestead provides space carrier and land use guarantee for the implementation of rural strategy.Therefore,effective measures must be taken as soon as possible to promote the efficient utilization of homestead resources.In view of the above background,this paper,taking Jiangsu province as an example,based on the farmer household survey data on the spot and 100 counties in Jiangsu province of the questionnaire survey data,descriptive analysis of land in Jiangsu province in the current related indicators,based on farmers micro perspective using the method of multi-factor comprehensive evaluation metrics for the land use efficiency is calculated,and based on the evaluation results.Using Tobit regression model,the evaluation index of homestead use efficiency was selected from three perspectives of input degree,utilization intensity and utilization benefit to conduct empirical analysis,and the micro-influencing factors of homestead use efficiency were determined.Due to the great differences in economic development levels among different regions in Jiangsu Province,this paper analyzes and compares the homestead utilization efficiency and its influencing factors in southern,middle and northern Jiangsu Province.The main conclusions are as follows:Firstly,the phenomenon of "multiple houses in one household" in Jiangsu Province is common in all regions,but the proportion is not high,mainly in the north and middle of Jiangsu Province.At the same time,the actual area of household homestead exceeds the standard area very seriously.The average area of household homestead in the whole province is 277.23 square meters.According to the survey data of farmers,even according to the standard maximum area of 200 square meters,53.4% of farmers have exceeded the standard area of homestead.The average homestead area of permanent residents showed a trend of northern Jiangsu > middle Jiangsu > southern Jiangsu.Rural buildings are mainly two-story buildings,and the overall quality of rural houses is general.Secondly,the evaluation results of homestead use efficiency were analyzed and graded.It showed that the proportion of homestead use efficiency between 0 and 0.1(low grade)was the highest,accounting for 83.54% of the total.The proportion of homestead use efficiency above 0.2(high grade)was the lowest,accounting for3.84% of the total.The proportion of homestead use efficiency between 0.1 and 0.2(middle grade)was 12.62%.Through the analysis and comparison of the homestead use efficiency scores in southern,middle and northern Jiangsu,it was found that the proportion of low-grade households with homestead use efficiency was the highest in northern Jiangsu,while the proportion of medium-high grade households with homestead use efficiency was relatively high in southern Jiangsu.Thirdly,the positive factors that have a significant impact on the efficiency of homestead use include building structure,building age,the proportion of contracted land transfer and the perception of homestead ownership,while the negative factors include whether people buy houses in cities or not and the perception of the right to rebuild and expand homestead.The proportion of contracted land transfer has the highest influence.The influencing factors of homestead use efficiency in southern,middle and northern Jiangsu were analyzed respectively.The results showed that the positive factors that significantly affected the homestead use efficiency in southern Jiangsu were building age,building structure and the proportion of contracted land transfer,and the negative factors were whether the house was purchased in urban areas.The factors that have significant positive influence in the middle of Jiangsu include construction age,the proportion of contracted land transfer and the perception of homestead ownership.The positive factors in northern Jiangsu include the proportion of contracted land transfer,while the negative factors include the perception of the right to purchase houses in urban areas and the right to rebuild and expand homesteads.According to the above research results,combined with the analysis of two typical cases,namely,activating idle homesteads and agricultural houses in Xiejialu Natural Village of Suzhou and optimizing homestead layout and improving farmers’ housing conditions in Aiyuan Town of Suqian City,the relevant countermeasures and suggestions for promoting efficient homestead utilization are put forward.