Research On Multi-Objective Building Optimization Design Method Based On Carbon Components

The popularity of digital technology has promoted the development of ’ performancedriven ’ design thinking.In order to meet the needs of adaptive collaborative adjustment of building information model parameters,building information modeling technology faces the challenge of a low degree of parametric correlation ’.At present,the mainstream method of building optimization design is to analyze the mapping relationship between architectural design parameters and green performance based on mathematical algorithms and to carry out research on building optimization design theory,method,technology,and tools.In the context of double carbon,it is imperative to study the optimal design of buildings based on the life cycle carbon emission target in the early design stage of buildings.However,the complicated carbon emission statistics make it difficult for architects to construct the mapping relationship between design parameters and building carbon emission performance.As the core functional area of primary and secondary schools,the number of primary and secondary school teaching buildings during the ’ 14 th Five-Year Plan ’ will increase year by year.However,the research on green school design in China started late,and there are relatively few studies on the design of primary and secondary school teaching buildings involving life cycle carbon emissions.Based on this,this paper takes the primary and secondary school teaching buildings in Shandong Province as the research object and proposes a multi-objective building optimization design method based on carbon components.Aiming at the teaching buildings of primary and secondary schools in Shandong Province,the investigation of building parts and the investigation of domestic photovoltaic parts are carried out.Based on the investigation and integration of geometric information,physical performance information,regional information and carbon information of building components(ground,floor,roof,exterior wall,interior wall,window and photovoltaic),an informationized and parameterized carbon component library is constructed,and the correlation between carbon information and geometric information is established to simplify the calculation of building carbon emissions.Based on the investigation of building characteristics,the building generation rules are extracted,the geometric information of the carbon part library is retrieved,the building space generation method based on carbon parts is studied,the parametric dynamic model is constructed,and the parametric generation of buildings is realized.Based on the Grasshopper platform,the part library module is constructed,and the physical performance information and carbon information are integrated into the parametric model to generate a dynamic information model to realize the adaptive collaborative adjustment of the building information model parameters.At the same time,based on the parametric platform,modules such as building performance simulation and full life cycle carbon emission calculation are constructed,and the optimization platform process is constructed to search for the non-dominated solution set under the goal of building full life cycle carbon emission and a light environment.Aiming at the problem of non-dominated solution set screening and interpretation,a decision module is constructed based on the perspective of architects.Taking the teaching building of Zhonghai Foreign Language Middle School in Jinan as an example,the engineering practice is carried out to verify the scientificity of the multiobjective optimization method.The results show that the design method proposed in this study can effectively improve the green performance of the building scheme in the early stages of design,provide architects with the primary design scheme of primary and secondary school teaching buildings in Shandong Province,and strengthen the architects’ thinking on the carbon performance objectives in the early stages of design.At the same time,based on the Grasshopper platform,this study constructs a multi-objective building optimization design process for primary and secondary school teaching buildings in Shandong Province and expands the scope of application from a certain building to a certain type of building,which improves the universality of the design method.However,the research scope of this paper is limited to the teaching buildings of primary and secondary schools in Shandong Province.The optimization objectives are limited to life cycle carbon emissions and light environmental indicators.The follow-up work should consider the optimization and improvement of domestic residential buildings,office buildings,the indoor physical environment,and other aspects.At the same time,there are relatively few regional studies in the early stages of design.The follow-up work should be based on the human environment,geographical environment,and other aspects to deeply explore the regional characteristics of primary and secondary school teaching buildings.