The Synergy Evaluation Between Urban Rail Transit Station Areas Land Use And Transportation

The rapid development of urbanization has attracted population to gather in cities,resulting in a continuous increase in urban transportation demand.Despite the constant improvement of urban transportation infrastructure,traffic congestion remains significant.Infrastructure construction that focuses on meeting demand lacks consideration for coordinated development of land use and transportation.The large-scale construction of rail transit in large and medium-sized cities has alleviated a substantial amount of public transportation passenger flow,driven the development of surrounding land,and attracted passenger flow to shift from motor vehicles to rail transit.Rail transit and urban land planning have formed a good cycle of mutual feedback,and the great significance of promoting the coordinated development of rail transit and urban land planning is evident.Guided by the Transit-Oriented Development(TOD)model,which focuses on the development of public transportation,the formation of a core centered on rail transit stations,and the promotion of coordinated development of station area land use and transportation,is an important way for cities to solve traffic congestion problems and achieve sustainable development.Therefore,this paper divides stations into different types based on their degree of coordination,through evaluating the synergy of station area land use and transportation,quantifying land use indicators and transportation service indicators and their relationship with passenger flow,and proposes construction recommendations for station area land use and transportation synergy based on TOD principles.The following is the paper’s primary content:(1)Using data from a variety of sources,a set of evaluation indicators based on the "5D" approach is created to evaluate land use and transportation service capacity.The first step is to define the study area and station area range.The station area is defined as the 800-meter radius circle centered on the Beijing rail transit station,and the Tyson polygon is created to represent the station areas.Next,Python is used to process the Automatic Fare Collection(AFC)data to obtain the daily passenger flow of the station,the Point of Interest(POI)and Area of Interest(AOI)data are crawled and processed using Arc GIS to obtain the quantity and area of various land uses within the station areas,and the road network length and the number of intersections is also calculated using Arc GIS.Finally,integrating the relationship between synergy and Transit-Oriented Development(TOD),determining the indicator selection and solution method relying on the "5D" principle,and completing the construction of the indicator system.(2)To evaluate the synergy between land use and transportation in the station areas of the rail transit,a Node-Passenger flow-Place model is established.On the one hand,this paragraph describes the optimization of the traditional node-place model from the perspective of the model.The node-passenger flow-place evaluation model is created by treating the passenger flow factor affected by land use and transportation as a separate dimension.On the other hand,the Moran Index is introduced as an indicator weight to measure the spatiality of station indicators.To enhance the interpretability of the model results,a clustering algorithm is introduced to classify stations based on node value,place value,and passenger flow,resulting in five types of stations: passenger flow pressure,comprehensive development,key promotion,potential development,and lagging development.The station types are consistent with their spatial distribution,and peripheral stations generally have lower levels of coordination.(3)The Multi-scale Geographically Weighted Regression(MGWR)model is used to analyze the fine-grained impact of station environment indicators on passenger flow.The MGWR model considers both spatiality and size effects,and searches for the optimal bandwidth for each station to better adapt to the differences in station spacing and aggregation level between the center and outskirts of Beijing’s rail transit stations.The regression results indicate that variables such as land use mix,number of intersections,and number of service directions at the station have a significant positive effect on passenger flow.Among the accessibility variables,accessibility to work locations and accessibility to bus stations have a significant impact on passenger flow,while parking lots have a negative impact on station passenger flow due to diversion.Additionally,the regression parameter values are distributed in space to visually represent the spatial heterogeneity of station passenger flow with various indicators.The results show that stations with high levels of diversity in their station domain environment are less likely to be affected by a single indicator,and such stations are generally located near the city center.(4)Based on the comprehensive evaluation results of station synergy and the impact of station environment indicators on passenger flow,combined with the differences and spatial heterogeneity of each indicator’s impact on station passenger flow and the spatial location factors of each station,targeted TOD suggestions are proposed for each type of stations from two aspects: improving station attractiveness and promoting coordinated development of land use and transportation in the station area.The paper aims to provide recommendations for TOD construction that is centered around stations and is suitable for large and medium-sized cities,based on the evaluation of land use and transportation synergy in the station area of Beijing’s rail transit network,which has a relatively complete transportation network and high population and land density.The paper incorporates spatial considerations into the evaluation model and provides a detailed assessment of the level of coordination in the development of the station domain environment for Beijing’s rail transit system.and analyzes the factors that influence people’s choice of rail transit as their mode of transportation,with the aim of providing new ideas for synergy evaluation research.