Research On Micro-Renovation Of Outdoor Public Space In Zhangjiakou Old Residential Area Based On Vitality Improvement

The renovation and upgrading of old residential areas,as a key part of urban renewal,has received a lot of attention.Urban renewal has shifted from incremental development to stock development,and in this context,micro transformation has been proposed as an innovative transformation model that has received more attention.With the development of the times,the needs of residents are constantly increasing.Due to limited construction conditions,the public space in old residential areas cannot meet the demand,which is reflected in the deterioration of space quality,low utilization rate,and decreased satisfaction.The separation of demand and conditions leads to a lack of spatial vitality.This article aims to enhance vitality and uses micro renovation as a means to conduct research on the optimization of outdoor public spaces in old residential areas from the macro,meso,and micro levels of urban renewal.On the one hand,explore the real needs of residents for space and improve the overall quality of the space.On the other hand,explore the factors that affect spatial vitality,starting from the main influencing factors,study the improvement of spatial vitality,and come up with micro transformation optimization methods.Firstly,conceptual analysis,theoretical research,and case analysis are conducted on the enhancement of vitality and micro transformation,and three dimensions of studying spatial vitality are identified: the user,vitality representation,and environmental composition.Collect excellent cases for analysis,summarize their micro transformation methods,and provide reference for future spatial optimization research.Secondly,representative old residential areas were selected for on-site research,and the space was divided into three categories: auxiliary space,transportation space,and site space.Targeted research was conducted through detailed division of space types.Use interview,questionnaire survey,and behavioral observation methods to conduct in-depth research on the use of subjects(individuals)and vitality representations(behavioral activities)to evaluate the current status of spatial vitality.Distribute survey questionnaires and conduct on-site interviews to understand residents’ needs.Use behavioral observation method to obtain vitality index and vitality distribution map,and analyze the relationship between residents’ needs and spatial factors.Conduct data analysis in the study of environmental composition(vitality evaluation)section,and use principal component analysis to identify the main factors that affect spatial vitality,including facility environmental factors,green landscape factors,climate factors,spatial scale factors,and cultural factors.Finally,based on the conclusions obtained from research and data analysis,starting from these five main factors and combining their sub factors,the macro level micro transformation optimization principles,optimization routes,and vitality enhancement strategies were determined;Propose eight optimization measures at the meso level;At the micro level,targeted micro renovation design should be carried out for auxiliary,transportation,and site oriented spaces.