Research On Distribution Network Fault Location Method Based On Improved Genetic Algorithm

To ensure the safety and stability of the distribution network,it is necessary to quickly and accurately locate faulty lines and restore normal power supply as soon as possible to minimize economic losses.However,with the integration of distributed power sources,the traditional radial single power distribution network has become a complex network of multiple power sources interconnected by users and power sources.This change brings new challenges to traditional power flow calculation,relay protection,and fault location methods,which has become the focus of this article’s research.Therefore,it is necessary to find an accurate and fast positioning method and verify its feasibility and adaptability.This article first establishes a simple mathematical model for common distribution network structures,and then briefly introduces the impact of distributed power generation integration on various aspects of the distribution network.In order to solve the problems of premature convergence and slow global convergence in traditional genetic algorithms,the crossover and mutation operators,switch and line coding,switch function,and fitness function in genetic algorithms are optimized and improved respectively,and an improved genetic algorithm is proposed.This article aims to explore the application of genetic algorithms and improved genetic algorithms in fault location problems in distribution networks.This article will use improved mutation and crossover operators to improve convergence speed and avoid falling into local optima.In addition,improved fitness function and switching function will also be used to better adapt to different switching conditions of distributed generation.On this basis,the use of hierarchical processing methods reduces the population size of genetic algorithm in each model solution,controls time costs,and improves the computational speed of model solving.This article combines the IEEE33 node distribution network model and selects a distribution system with main power supply,distributed power supply,and multiple nodes for numerical simulation.Simulate and analyze the calculation example using MATLAB software.This paper mainly analyzes the performance of the algorithm in the case of single point of failure and multi point failure,and compares the fitness and fault tolerance of the proposed improved genetic algorithm and the traditional genetic algorithm to further prove the superiority of the proposed algorithm.The two points fault in one case is selected,and the traditional genetic algorithm and the improved genetic algorithm are used to compare the fitness value curve,which verifies the accuracy and adaptability of the algorithm in this paper.Finally,based on the improved genetic algorithm,this article simulates the current distribution network problems in China.Based on the above simulation process,a hierarchical processing method is used to design a function that can gradually identify fault points.