| Cup clutch is a new mechanical equipment used in helicopter electric winch in recent years,which is used to realize the lifting,lowering and hovering of steel cable.At present,although the cup clutch can meet the use requirements,its working condition is not good,especially the steel cable oscillates violently in the process of lowering.In order to improve the working condition of the cup clutch,this paper analyzes the different working conditions of the cup clutch,and uses simulated annealing algorithm to carry out optimal design on the working condition of unloading the cup clutch.The main research contents are as follows:(1)The working principle of the cup clutch and the parameters of the key parts are analyzed and studied.Based on this,the program design of the lifting,lowering and hovering conditions is completed by using MATLAB software,and the working conditions of the cup clutch when the load is lowered are mainly studied according to the calculation results.It can be seen from the curves of input gear speed,output gear speed,motor output torque,friction torque of friction plate and pressure on disc spring that the cup clutch oscillates violently,The reason for this phenomenon is that the cup clutch needs to control the speed of releasing load through repeated braking,and on the other hand,the parameter selection of parts and components of the cup clutch is unreasonable.The three parameters that affect the oscillation phenomenon are the pretightening compression distance of the disc spring,the center radius of the steel ball track and the friction coefficient of the friction plate.(2)Taking the difference between the maximum and minimum of the output gear speed of the cup clutch in the oscillation stage as the objective function,and the three parameters affecting the oscillation phenomenon as optimal design variables,the optimal design mathematical model is established.The simulated annealing algorithm is used to solve it,and the parameters after optimal design are obtained,which are brought into the program of unloading condition for solution.The optimized calculation results are compared with the calculated results before optimization,and the wave height of output gear speed changes from 31.84rad/s to 5.01rad/s The wave height of input gear speed changes from 16.11rad/s to 2.07rad/s The maximum friction torque provided by friction plates changes from 8.92N·m to 7.18N·m The maximum pressure on the disc spring is changed from 634.43 N to 512.87 N,which achieves the optimal design goal of weakening the oscillation state when the cup clutch is released from the load.(3)The three-dimensional model of cup clutch after optimal design is established by CATIA software,and the stress analysis of input gear and output gear is carried out by introducing ANSYS Workbench software according to finite element analysis principle.The results show that the two gears after optimal design can meet the use requirements.Finally,the dynamic simulation of the three-dimensional model of cup clutch is carried out by using the dynamic analysis software ADAMS,and the maximum error between the simulation results and the optimal design results of MATLAB is 2.11%,which verifies the reliability of the optimal design results obtained in this paper. |
