| Waterfront spaces are important public spaces in cities that are closely linked to the lives of urban residents.With the development of cities and society,people’s demand for a better life is increasing,and vibrant urban public spaces are receiving more and more attention.As an important and special urban public space,the construction and activation of urban waterfront spaces have attracted attention from all sides.Due to the rapid development of urbanization in China,the overall appearance and vitality of cities are changing,and waterfront spaces are no exception.However,due to multiple factors,some waterfront spaces have problems with insufficient attractiveness and declining vitality,which urgently need to be solved.Taking the waterfront spaces in Nanchang as the research object and dividing them into two categories,riverfront spaces and lakefront spaces,based on the nature of the adjacent water bodies.Through a large amount of field research,the status of various waterfront spaces was understood and vitality research was conducted.On the one hand,using big data to analyze the external conditions of the two types of waterfront spaces at a macro level and selecting two types of waterfront spaces with similar macro conditions for research.On the other hand,combining literature research and expert opinions,factors affecting the vitality of urban waterfront spaces were comprehensively analyzed,and an evaluation system for the vitality of urban waterfront spaces was constructed.The system includes five criteria-level indicators: spatial accessibility,environmental comfort,site participation,place attachment,and regulatory safety,and 19 index-level indicators,such as signage guidance,traffic organization,visual transparency,plant cultivation,and water management.Finally,the weight of each indicator was calculated by the analytic hierarchy process.Among them,regulatory safety had the highest weight,and place attachment had the lowest weight.The construction of the evaluation system was completed in this way.The Citizen Park of Ganjiang and Aixi Lake Wetland Park were selected as the two types of waterfront spaces for the empirical application of the evaluation system.The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to calculate the score of the vitality status of the waterfront spaces.The results showed that the evaluation score of the Citizen Park of Ganjiang was 3.03,and the vitality level was "ordinary";the evaluation score of Aixi Lake Wetland Park was 4.04,and the vitality level was "good".The overall vitality of Aixi Lake Wetland Park was better than that of the Citizen Park of Ganjiang at the same time.In terms of criteria-level indicators,the lowest-scoring criteria-level indicators for the Citizen Park of Ganjiang and Aixi Lake Wetland Park were environmental comfort and site participation,and the highest-scoring criteria-level indicators were spatial accessibility.Based on the evaluation results and the principles of ecological,diversity,and water-friendliness,specific strategies are proposed to improve the vitality of Nanchang’s urban waterfront spaces from five aspects: spatial accessibility,environmental comfort,site participation,place attachment,and regulatory safety.For example,enhancing sign guidance is proposed based on the aspect of spatial accessibility;improving plant landscape planting is proposed based on the aspect of environmental comfort;enriching activity facilities is proposed based on the aspect of site participation;creating suitable spaces is proposed based on the aspect of place attachment;and strengthening public security control is proposed based on the aspect of regulatory safety.The aim is to assess and improve the vitality of the existing urban waterfront spaces,and further enrich and improve the methods and theories of creating vitality in urban waterfront spaces. |
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