Spatial Distribution And Optimization Analysis Of Bank Branches In The Main Urban Area Of Kaifeng City

As the key physical carrier for commercial banks to develop business,export products and services,realize customer interaction and improve customer stickiness,bank branches are the main channel for banks to improve efficiency and expand scale,and also relate to the circulation and allocation of regional capital elements,and affect the function improvement and industrial transformation of cities.In recent years,with the development of digital finance and the transformation of payment methods,customers’ dependence on banks’ physical branches is decreasing,which brings challenges to the development of banks’ traditional branches.Urban renewal and expansion and resource reorganization also put forward new requirements for the spatial layout and optimization of bank branches.In the context of the rapid development of digital finance and rapid urban expansion,how to optimize the spatial layout of branches,accelerate the transformation of inefficient branches,so as to improve the efficiency and value of branches and enhance the competitiveness of branches has become an important issue for the regional development of major banks,as well as an important issue to be paid attention to in the promotion of urban functions and industrial development.However,existing researches mainly focus on the distribution of bank branches in megacities,megacities and provincial capitals,and seldom pay attention to the change of spatial distribution of bank branches in medium-sized cities,especially the change of bank branches in medium-sized cities under the rapid development of digital finance.Taking Kaifeng City as an example,based on the research results of domestic and foreign scholars on the spatial distribution of bank branches,this paper uses kernel density analysis,average nearest neighbor analysis,buffer analysis and negative binomial regression to analyze and study the spatial distribution and changes of bank branches in the main urban area,and puts forward suggestions for spatial distribution optimization.The research findings are as follows:(1)Commercial banks in the main urban area of Kaifeng City show an unbalanced distribution with more commercial banks in the south and less commercial banks in the north.The bank branches are obviously distributed along the traffic arteries such as Daliang Road,Hanxing Road,Songcheng Road and Zhongshan Road,and gather in the two main business areas,Drum Tower and Haode Square.Accordingly,the spatial agglomeration features of two main and multiple branches decreasing gradually from the central area to the periphery.Different types of bank branches have different distribution characteristics.(2)From the perspective of spatial change,bank branches in the main urban area gradually expand to the western area,and the agglomeration scale expands,but the agglomeration degree decreases.From 2017 to 2021,29 bank branches were written off and 11 were newly added in the main urban area,showing an overall trend of decline.Among them,the four major commercial banks expanded to the western region the most,the regional bank branches cancelled the most,and the other types of banks changed little.(3)The spatial distribution of bank branches is influenced by various factors.Different types of banks are affected by different factors,among which the four major commercial banks are more significantly affected by housing prices and shopping centers.Regional banks are more significantly affected by GDP,tourist attractions and catering services;Postal savings bank is affected more significantly by the trade network and office building;Rural commercial banks are more significantly affected by population density,office buildings and catering services;Joint-stock bank is only affected by the positive influence of the trade network and office building.(4)Through analysis,it is concluded that the distribution of bank branches in Kaifeng City is too dense and the service coverage overlaps seriously.Network expansion has not kept up with the development of the city,so there are a lot of financial blank areas in the new district;The location of the network should consider more commercial factors and pay insufficient attention to other factors.On the basis of the above research,the corresponding optimization suggestions are put forward.Banks can start with improving service quality and expanding service functions,rationally use fintech to accelerate the functional transformation of branches,and determine the transformation type according to the distribution of resources around the branches.Adjust the spatial layout of branches,remove and eliminate inefficient branches,fill the financial blank in time,and expand the service coverage of branches;Develop characteristic bank branches,avoid homogeneity of branches,carry out reasonable cooperation among different industries,and expand their differentiation advantages.Due to the limitation of data acquisition and other problems,this paper has some shortcomings,such as the lack of discussion on the distribution characteristics of different levels and scale of network points,and there are certain limitations.In future research,we can further refine the evaluation indicators of influencing factors,enrich the data types,and make the research content more in-depth.