A Study On The Construction Of Landscape And Human Space Pattern Of Historical Towns In Southern Shaanxi

Our country has a long history,a vast territory of nine million,six hundred thousand square kilometers and 5,000 years of history and culture,giving birth to a splendid and dazzling Chinese civilization,and the historical town settlement is one of the important carriers of the thick civilization.With the development of cities and towns,settlements and human settlements have a long history,which is the most direct-viewing material space carrier of Chinese traditional agricultural civilization,the social space environment of urban settlements bears the important functions of the continuation of historical context,the inheritance of Chinese moral tradition and the preservation of Chinese cultural genes,in a word,the historical town settlement is an important base for us to inherit the local civilization,guard the spiritual homeland and strengthen the cultural self-confidence.Therefore,the research and protection of historical town settlement has profound cultural value connotation and strong and far-reaching modern significance.However,with the rapid development of the historical process of urbanization,many historical towns,like many other villages,are also facing the loss of population,the dissolution of the historical spatial pattern of settlements and the predicament that the inheritance of settlement culture is blocked.There are some problems in modern development and construction,such as the separation of space order of new and old towns,the confusion of features and features of ancient towns,the demolition of ancient buildings and the reconstruction of ancient buildings.In this regard,the historical town preservation is relatively complete,the spatial pattern of unique local characteristics of southern Shaanxi as the study area,from the regional characteristics of the landscape environment of the traditional polynatural landscape environment,physical space form,human space pattern of the building system for research,the construction experience of landscape and human space pattern of historical towns in southern Shaanxi is condensed to provide some reference for the protection and inheritance of historical towns in southern Shaanxi.Taking the historical towns in southern Shaanxi as the research object,this paper analyzes the landscape and human space pattern formed under the specific regional environment(nature,history,culture,society,nationality,etc.),build the research frame of“Regional characteristic influence-pattern constitution characteristic-pattern commonness characteristic-regional construction experience-modern inheritance conception”;The method of“Textual and spatial comparison and mutual evidence”,the research method of“Typical case study-multi-case comparison and induction”,the drawing method of sample settlement based on Arc GIS,the quantitative analysis of settlement historical pattern,etc.,through the research approach of“Sorting out settlement venation-extraction of historical information-identification of settlement pattern-analysis of pattern features-condensation of construction experience”,combining with the collection of historical documents and field investigation data,this paper combs the essential information of the construction of the typical traditional settlement pattern,reveals the main features of the traditional settlement landscape human pattern,and generalizes the characteristics of the traditional settlement landscape human space pattern with the regional commonness through the comparison of several cases,this paper summarizes the construction experience of different types of traditional settlements in shaping the landscape and human pattern.Firstly,this paper focuses on the environment where the urban settlement space is located,including natural landscape environment,historical human environment and social and economic environment,finally,based on the study of the interaction between the urban space and its environment,the mechanism and motivation of the formation of the dominant settlement space are explored.Secondly,from the perspective of the study of landscape and human space pattern,23 historical towns are classified according to the landform features of settlement location environment,the settlement groups of historical towns in southern Shaanxi are divided into three types: “Mountain terrace type”,“Foothill valley type” and“River Terrace Plain Type”,taking the settlement sample construction and the study of landscape human space pattern as the main method,this paper selects a typical case from the above three types of settlement.And based on the conclusions of the typical case analysis,this paper sums up the three common features of settlement construction,which are“The control of natural landscape”,“The prominence of human space” and“The complex function of space”.Secondly,based on the common characteristics,it further condenses the experience of the construction of the historical towns in southern Shaanxi in the four aspects of the management of human settlements environment,the construction of material space,the construction of human space and the construction of landscape system,and condenses the experience of the construction of the landscape and human space pattern of the historical towns in southern Shaanxi in the four basic principles of the construction of landscape and human space pattern.Finally,on the basis of the above research,the author cognizes the inheritance value and significance of the construction experience of settlements from three angles: “Landscape and human factors”,“Overall spatial pattern”,construction experience and method,and constructs the planning and inheritance strategy system including“Linkage and optimization of the settlement point,line and surface spatial factors,highlighting the historical pattern of settlements”,“Combining construction experience”,combing the main points of inheritance,guiding the planning and planning of settlements protection”,“Integrating the resources of“Government,masses and scholars”,and establishing the planning and inheritance think tank of settlements”,which provides guidance and reference for solving the planning and inheritance problems of settlements at present,and forms rich and innovative results.