Study On The Protection Of Guild Building In Qing Dynasty In Southern Shaanxi

The guild hall is a gathering building emerging in Ming dynasty but widely spread rapidly in Qing dynasty,spontaneously or organized by the fellow-countryman or peer-fellow.The guild hall are mainly divided into three categories: Peking Tungwen hall,commercial guildhall,immigration guildhall.During the Ming-Qing period,with the historical background of immigrants,a large number of guildhalls were constructed in southern Shaanxi and really unique.Along with the advanced of modernization,the existing situation of the guild hall is not going well.The use value is gradually lost and the status in the city is gradually marginalized.The academic study on guildhall is still less than satisfactory at present,these mainly include:incomplete construction drawing,non-deep analyze the development and evolution of the hall from an environment perspective.The situation is same ture in southern Shaanxi hall,and the problem is even greater.Therefore,this paper takes the architecture of the southern Shaanxi Province in the Qing dynasty as the research object,and mainly studies the protection methods of the building,which provides a theoretical basis and guidance for the protection of the building.This paper studied the preservation of guildhall in southern Shaanxi,in the case of 10 provincial and provincial cultural relic protection units or above the provincial level.By conducting actual investigation,collecting and assembling drawing,combining with the natural environment and the surrounding environment of the guildhall.And from the function,space,streamline,decoration and other aspects to analyze the characteristics of guildhall in southern Shaanxi,integrating existing problems and proposing solutions.Thus will provide a more comprehensive and detailed information for the future research,as well as provide advice and suggestions for the protection of guild hall.Through the investigation,the research shows the results as follows:(1)Characteristics of the guild hall in southern Shaanxi in Qing DynastyIn this article,we will separate guildhall into three categories: commercial guildhall,immigration guildhall,industry guildhall.The main reason for the constructions is commercial activities and immigration activities,these two types of functions are similar butdifferent emphasis.Its functions include commercial activities,daily life,sacrificial ceremonies and gathering procedures etc.The siting of the guildhall in south of Shaanxi usually chosen from the landscape blend,beautiful scenery,convenient transportation or close to the center of the town,the surrounding distribution of a large number of shops and residential.According to local conditions in the construction process,and makes the hall produce natural elevation.The arrangement of architectural in the courtyard as a unit,and the building plane have orderly layout and obvious axes.The gate,the opera tower,the temple side hall and main hall lined up in turn.Both sides provided with auxiliary rooms or wing-room,the larger individual hall also have view theater and Drum Tower building.In space,the wide open space and enclosure space alternating with each other,the open space along with the axis and the height gradually narrowed.Static and dynamic partition between natural transition.In the architectural style and decoration,the characteristics of the southern Shaanxi guildhall integrate mostly about Huizhou architecture,Jiangxi architecture and Jin faction architecture.These mainly reflected in the pediment,dooryard,cornices brackets,roof,color decoration ect.(2)The problems and solutions of the southern Shaanxi guild hall in Qing DynastyThe main problem faced by the building of the southern Shaanxi in the Qing Dynasty is that the building space can not be well integrated into the urban space,the surrounding environment of the building is not in harmony with the clubhouse,and the building is damaged.Therefore,the protection of the buildings in the southern Shaanxi Province is from the perspective of city planning,to make full use of the space in order to achieve the purpose of adjusting urban space and texture.The second is from the local environment surrounding of guildhall,respect the architectural style of the guildhall,and coordinate the relationship between the guildhall and the surrounding buildings.The third is from the guildhall itself,choose administrative agencies for maintenance,repair work on real time hall.In the renewal of the Hall components,conform to the original appearance of the hall,retaining its architectural features.In the renewal of the Hall components,conform to the original appearance of the hall,retaining its architectural features,in accordance with the applicable,economic,green,beautiful building policy to protect the building of southern shaanxi.The results are as follows:It is important to protect the buildings and protect the ancient buildings,but it is equally important to protect the natural environment and the urban environment.In the implementation of the protection of ancient buildings,it should be fully analyzed the surrounding environment of the landscape due to borrowing,spatial patterns,urban style and other factors,so that the building into the landscape,into the city.Then in respect of the original architectural style,style and cultural characteristics of the principle of the building itself to repair and update.At present,the protection of ancient buildings is not satisfactory.Hope more people into the protection of ancient buildings,the ancient Chinese architecture.