Research On The Physical And Mental Health Restoration Effect And Impact Path Of Urban Greenway Environment

Modern urban residents have a fast pace of life and great pressure.The high-density gray infrastructure and dwindling green space environment caused various mental diseases and led to residents’ sub-health.As a type of green space closely related to urban space and residents’ life,urban greenways carry a large number of residents’ needs for commuting and recreational activities,improving opportunities to perceive nature,and are of great significance to improving public health.However,few studies have explored the differences in health restoration of different environmental types and characteristics of urban greenways,and how these characteristics directly or indirectly affect the restorative experience of greenway environments.This thesis takes three different types of urban greenways as the research object(urban road type,urban park type,and urban river type)and conducts related research under the guidance of restorative environment theory.Firstly,we conducted field research on three types of urban greenways in Chengdu,and collected relevant pictures of the current situation as research materials.Secondly,we guided 100 subjects to carry out viewing experiments of three types of greenways,and collected corresponding physiological indicators(blood pressure,pulse),psychological indicators([Preceived Restorative Scales,PRS],[Positive Affects and Negative Affects Scales,PANAS]),environmental perception and behavioral intention data.After the experiment was completed,we used SPSS to analyze the restorative effects of different environmental types and characteristics of urban greenways,and used AMOS to build a structural equation model(SEM)of the urban greenway restorative environment and made a preliminary exploration of the psychological restoration path of the urban greenway environment with environmental perception and behavioral intention as intermediary variables.Last but not least,based on the research results,we proposed different building strategies for restorative environment of three types of urban greenways.This thesis takes the restorative environment of urban greenway as the research subject,broadens the research scope of greenway environment,and provides new ideas for the construction and quality improvement of urban greenway restorative environment.The research conclusions are as follows:(1)The differences in the restoration effects of various urban greenways types were compared.The subjects obtained certain physical and mental healing effects after viewing various greenways,but different greenway environment types have different effects on physiological and psychological restoration.Among them,urban park type greenways can provide better physical and mental recovery experience(SBP[t=2.37,P=0.020],DBP[t=2.06,P=0.042],PANAS=2.80,PRS=5.39),followed by urban river type(SBP[t=2.84,P=0.006],DBP[t=1.29,P=0.200],PANAS=2.30,PRS=5.02)and urban road type greenway(SBP[t=0.78,P=0.440],DBP[t=0.37,P=0.716],PANAS=2.00,PRS=4.15).(2)The key restorative dimensions and elements of the environmental characteristics of various urban greenways were extracted.At the level of environmental characteristics dimension: "plants" is a common predictor of psychological recovery for the three types of urban greenways,and "water bodies" and "roads" also play an important role in urban river type and urban road type greenways respectively.At the level of environmental characteristics elements: the environmental elements of urban park type greenways with restoration functions need to reflect richness(rich plant layers and colors),and the restorative elements of urban river type and urban road type greenways do not only have richness,the former also needs to emphasize aesthetics(water bodies and strictures with high ornamental value),while the latter needs to reflect comfort(comfortable trails with appropriate width,well-maintained pavement and facilities).(3)The impact path model of urban greenway restorative environment is constructed.Among the many environmental characteristics of greenways,path(β=0.80,P<0.01),water body(β=0.80,P<0.01)and plants(β=0.79,P<0.01)have a greater influence weight.Among all behavioral intentions,natural interaction activities(β=0.65,P<0.01)have the largest load.In environmental perception,naturalness(β=0.62,P<0.01),serene(β=0.58,P<0.01)and species richness(β=0.57,P<0.01)had higher loadings.In terms of the impact path of psychological recovery,the environmental characteristics of urban greenways can directly affect environmental perception(β=0.806,P<0.001)and behavioral intention(β=0.791,P<0.001);behavioral intention can significantly affect environmental perception(β=0.148,P<0.05),greenway environmental perception can also significantly affect psychological restoration benefits([emotional recovery: β=0.923,P<0.001],[perceived recovery: β=0.780,P<0.001]);The environment characteristics of urban greenways do not directly affect psychological recovery,but indirectly affect psychological recovery through the mediating role of participants’ environmental perception and behavioral intention.