Decision Optimization Of Closed-loop Supply Chain For Prefabricated Buildings Considering Licensing Strategy With Carbon Cap And Trade

As a high-carbon emission industry,the low-carbon development of construction industry is urgent.Prefabricated building is one of the main directions to promote the lowcarbon development of construction industry.It is of great significance for prefabricated construction enterprises to invest in emission reduction with carbon emission restrictions to maintain their greenness,such as carbon cap and trade.Prefabricated building has great potential in the field of remanufacturing.With the rise of circular economy,it has become the main battlefield for the development of circular economy.Based on the low-cost advantage of remanufactured components or modules,remanufactured components or modules will have market competition with the news,which will have a complex impact on the production and emission reduction decisions of the prefabricated building manufacturer(PBM).In order to cope with the competition of the prefabricated building remanufacturer(PBR),the PBM will adopt licensing strategy,and licensing royalty will have a complex impact on the production and emission reduction of the PBR with carbon cap and trade.Therefore,according to emission reduction and remanufacturing needs of prefabricated construction enterprises with carbon cap and trade,this thesis studies the influence of different emission reduction modes and licensing strategy on production and emission reduction decisions of the PBM and the PBR.In addition,based on the development of prefabricated construction practice,this thesis takes into account the technology spillover effect of prefabricated construction closed-loop supply chain for emission reduction investment and the acceptability of consumers to prefabricated construction remanufactured products.Then this study constructs the decision optimization models of prefabricated construction closed-loop supply chain under four cases(i.e.emission reduction by the PBM,emission reduction by the PBR,independently bilateral emission reduction mode and cooperatively bilateral emission reduction mode).Game theory and KKT conditions are used to solve the models.Sensitivity analysis of the optimal decisions and comparative analysis of different emission reduction modes are carried out.Finally,numerical analysis is carried out to verify the comparative analysis of different emission reduction modes and the decision optimization results of the closed-loop supply chain of prefabricated buildings considering licensing strategy with carbon cap and trade are obtained.The results show that under unilateral emission reduction mode,independently bilateral emission reduction mode and cooperatively bilateral emission reduction mode,there are all three scenarios in which the optimal decisions of the PBM and the PBR is based on the change of licensing royalty.It’s just that the range of patent authorization fee is different under different emission reduction modes.When licensing royalty is high,the PBR will not enter the market.When licensing royalty is modest,the PBR will enter the market to remanufacture part of the discard prefabricated buildings.When licensing royalty is low,the PBR will remanufacture all the discard prefabricated buildings.For different unilateral emission reduction modes,the technology spillover coefficient,licensing royalty and emission reduction cost coefficient should be taken into account when choosing the emission reduction mode.For unilateral emission reduction mode and independently bilateral emission reduction mode,which model is better is mainly related to the emission reduction spillover coefficient and so on.For independently bilateral emission reduction mode and cooperatively bilateral emission reduction mode,it is mainly related to consumers’ acceptance of remanufactured products,emission reduction cost,manufacturer emission reduction technology spillover level and so on.The research conclusions are of great significance to promote the sustainability and circular development of the prefabricated construction industry.