Collection Decisions Of Electric Vehicle Battery Closed-loop Supply Chain Under Different Policies

Under the influence of climate deterioration,environmental pollution,energy shortage and other multiple factors,industrial transformation and upgrading has been promoted to a strategic height.As a key industry related to people's livelihood,energy consumption and pollution emissions,the automobile industry has attracted much attention.New energy vehicles have become the main direction of the transformation and development of automobile industry in the world and an important engine to promote the future world economic growth.China is no exception.In recent years,it has vigorously developed new energy vehicles,especially electric vehicles.The rapid development of electric vehicles is bound to bring about a sharp increase in the demand for electric vehicle batteries.However,after the end of their service life,the collection and recycling of spent electric vehicle batteries are facing a huge challenge.The government attaches great importance to the management of electric vehicle battery recycling.The Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Development Plan(2012-2020)issued and implemented early in 2012 proposed some provisions for electric vehicle battery recycling,and then the Interim Measures for the Management of Electric Vehicle Battery Recycling has been formulated.In addition,local governments,such as Shanghai,Hefei,and Shenzhen,have introduced a number of policies such as recycling subsidy policies and deposit-refund system,which have an important impact on the development of electric vehicle battery industry and supply chain operation decisions.From the perspective of different recycling policies,this paper mainly studies collection decisions optimization of manufacturers,retailers(4S shop)and third-party collectors in the closed-loop supply chain of electric vehicle battery.The specific research work is summarized as follows:(1)Collection mode choice under the deposit-refund system for manufacturer.A closed-loop supply chain composed of an electric vehicle battery manufacturer,an electric vehicle manufacturer,an electric vehicle retailer and a third-party collector is studied.Three single channel collection modes and three dual-channel collection modes are analyzed.The choice of collection modes is explored by game analysis and numerical simulation analysis.Through the study,it can be concluded that which collection mode is the best from the view of maximizing collection rate or the total social welfare.In addition,this thesis explores the influence of policy parameters on collection rate and the total social welfare.Different from the existing deposit-refund system(with fixed amount of deposit),the amount of deposit in the deposit-refund system for the electric vehicle battery depends on the range level(capacity)of the battery.This study innovatively attempts to quantify the deposit-refund system for electric vehicle battery.In the game model constructed in this part,the key factor of range level is introduced,which has an important impact on the amount of deposit,the demand of electric batteries and the investment cost;in addition,the model considers the echelon utilization characteristics of spent electric vehicle batteries,that is,the recycling value of spent electric vehicle batteries includes the values of echelon utilization and final dismantling and reuse..(2)Collection decisions of the electric vehicle battery closed-loop supply chain under the deposit-refund system for retailer.Taking the deposit-refund system(the implementation object is the new energy vehicle retailers)implemented in Shenzhen as the recycling policy background,the game decision-making model of the electric vehicle battery manufacturer and the electric vehicle retailer in the closed-loop supply chain is constructed.Then,the response functions of them are calculated.Based on the response functions,combining game analysis with system dynamics,this study analyzes the impact of deposit-refund system on collection decision-making intuitively,and explores the development and evolution law of electric vehicle battery recycling market under different scenarios such as recovery technology progress,consumer environmental awareness enhancement.In this part,the Stackelberg game analysis and system dynamics are combined,and the combination method is innovatively used in the field of recycling policy simulation,which not only gives full play to the unique advantages of system dynamics method in policy simulation,but also overcomes the limitations of game analysis,and provides reference for its application in other fields.(3)Collection decision of the closed-loop supply chain and contract coordination under the combination policy of regulatory collection rate and collection subsidy.Based on the theory and method of optimization,this study analyzes the collection pricing decision of the closed-loop supply chain in the case of decentralized and centralized decision,and introduces the wholesale price discount contract to coordinate the closed-loop supply chain.Furthermore,this thesis studies the collection pricing decision and contract coordination mechanism of closed-loop supply chain under the combination policy.Besides,this study verifies the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis through numerical analysis and then analyzes the sensitivity of different variables to different parameters.This part innovatively proposes a combination policy of ?compulsory? and ?incentive? which combines the regulation of collection rate and collection subsidy,verifies the effectiveness of the combination policy in promoting the recycling of electric vehicle batteries,and compares the efficiency of different subsidy schemes.In addition,the wholesale price discount contract is introduced to realize the effective coordination of the three-level closed-loop supply chain.There are 38 figures,12 tables and 236 references in this paper.