| Shaanxi province is one of the key provinces implemented the Natural Forest Protection Program in China.The total area of the projected area is 308.7 million mu in Shaanxi.The protected area in the Qinling-Daba Mountains is 40.9%of the total protected area in Shaanxi.Nine counties in Qinling-Daba mountains were investigated.Based on protocols,Forest Ecosystem Service Function Evaluation Specification(LY/T 1721-2008),Long-term Observation Index System of Forest Ecological System(GB/T35377-2017)and Analytic Hierarchy Process method,ecological,economic and social interests of the main technical measures in the program were evaluated.The main results are following:(1)Services of pruning,shurb cleanning and comprehensive tending ordered as water conservation(1.047 billion t/a)>soil fertility retention(76 million t/a)>carbon sequestrati-on(65 million t/a)>oxygen release(27 million t/a);Values of above measures ordered as carbon sequestration(43.823 billion yuan/a)>species conservation(34.357 billion yuan/a)>oxygen release(10.978 billion yuan/a)>water conservation(7.999 billion yuan/a)>soil fixation and fertilizer preservation(7.852 billion yuan/a).Among the tending measures,pruning was the best,shurb cleanning was better,control was good,and comprehensive tending was the worst.(2)Ecological interests of the measure hillside closed ordered as water conservation(36 million t/a)>soil fixation and fertilizer retention(3 million t/a)>carbon fixation(2million t/a)>oxygen release(1 million t/a).Values ordered as carbon sequestration(2.395billion yuan/a)>species conservation(1.778 billion yuan/a)>oxygen releasing(463million yuan/a)>soil conservation and fertilizer storage(291 million yuan/a)>water regulation(249 million yuan/a).The carbon sequestration value was 1.34 times of species conservation,5.17 times of oxygen releasing,8.23 times of soil conservation and fertilizer storage and 9.6 times of water regulation.(3)Employees in forest management of Shaanxi are 23,012 and 13,558 on duty after the program implemented.Workers on duty is 58.91%of employees.The average annual salary of employees is 51,800 yuan/person in 2017 which was 79.47%of mean social wage in Shaanxi(65181yuan/person·a).The enrollment rate of the old-age insurance in the forest area was 97.2%in 2017.(4)Annual production of seedlings has seed has achieved 1.5 billion stems and 1.6million kg with an annual value of 800 million yuan since the program implemented.The annual flower cultivating area has been 2800 hm~2,with a total output of 28.4 million stems and value of 780 million yuan.The employees in the forests economy increased to 260,000and the income was 10.8 billion yuan.The annual output of forest products with local traits in the province was 45,000 t with a total value of 1.5 billion yuan.(5)In the process of the program implemented,deficiencies are still obvious,such as weak technical force at the grassroots level,failure to abiding with design files and the small scale of forestry economy.Technical training,scale of forestry economy enlarging and abiding stickly with design files were suggusted in implementing natural forest protection program in the Qinling-Daba mountain area of Shaanxi province in the future. |
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