| The vegetable oil is used for fish feed instead of fish oil.It not only has a wide range of sources,but also has the advantages of variety,low price and so on.At the same time,the growth and development of the fish,the immune response,the lipid metabolism was affected to some extent.At present,the research on the effects of vegetable oils on fish is mainly focused on their growth and body composition.However,there were few studies on the effects of different vegetable oils on the serum biochemical parameter and the expression of genes related to immunity and lipid metabolism of fish under cadmium stress.In order to provide theoretical reference for the application of vegetable oil in the diet of Schizothorax prenanti,the effects of three kinds of vegetable oil(Peony seed oil(PSO1)、Flaxseed oil(FSO)、Perilla seed oil(PSO2))on serum biochemical parameters and the expression of genes related to immunity and lipid metabolism in Schizothorax prenanti under cadmium stress were studied.1.The growth index,muscle composition,serum biochemical parameter,immune-related genes in liver pancreas,spleen,head kidney and mid-gut,and lipid metabolism-related genes in muscle and liver pancreas were measured after feeding Schizothorax prenanti with different vegetable oils for 6 weeks.The Results showed that:Compared with the control group,FSO significantly increased weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)of Schizothorax prenanti.PSO1,FSO and PSO2 all increased the crude protein content of muscle and decreased the crude fat content of muscle;The levels of TP,ALB and HLD-C in FSO group were higher than those in other vegetable oil groups,and the nutritional status was better than that in other vegetable oil groups;Compared with the control group,PSO1,FSO and PSO2 groups PSO1,FSO and PSO2 could increase the activities of antioxidation and immune enzyme in serum,,but there was no regular difference between the groups.FSO and PSO2 upregulates the expression of immune-related genes in the head kidney and spleen,FSO upregulated the expression of immune-related genes in the mid-gut,and there was no difference in the expression of immune-related genes in the liver pancreas among the vegetable oil groups;FSO and PSO2 down-regulated the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in muscle,and FSO down-regulated the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in liver pancreas.2.From 43 d,The Schizothorax prenanti was exposed to 0.1 mg/L cadmium solution for 21d。(1)The serum biochemical parameter were determined after 1d,7d,14 d and 21 d of cadmium stress,the results showed that:FSO could inhibit the increase of TP,ALB,HDL-C,T-CHO and Glu under Cd stress;PSO1 and FSO can inhibit the decrease of antioxidant and immune-related enzyme activities such as GSH-PX,SOD,iNOS and the increase of lipid peroxidation product MDA level caused by cadmium stress,so as to maintain the body’s antioxidant and immune capacity at a stable level,and protect the body from damage caused by cadmium stress.(2)The cadmium content in liver pancreas,muscle and midgut and the expression of immune-related genes in liver pancreas,spleen,head kidney and midgut,and the expression of lipid-metabolism-related genes in muscle and hepatopanereas were measured after after 21 d of cadmium stress,the results showed that:Cadmium stress significantly increased the cadmium content in liver pancreas,mid-gut and muscle,while FSO and PSO2 significantly decreased the cadmium content in liver pancreas.FSO and PSO2 inhibited the up-regulation of genes related to immunity and lipid metabolism induced by cadmium stress in liver pancreas;PSO1 and FSO inhibited the down-regulation of immune-related gene expression in head kidney and spleen induced by cadmium stress;PSO1 inhibits the down-regulation of midgut immune-related gene expression induced by cadmium stress;PSO2 inhibited the down-regulation of lipid metabolism-related genes induced by cadmium stress.In conclusion,compared with PSO1 and PSO2,FSO can promote the growth of Schizothorax prenanti,regulate lipid metabolism,enhance antioxidant and immune ability.FSO also can reduces the accumulation of cadmium in the liver pancreas,maintains the expression level of immune-related genes in the liver pancreas,head kidney and spleen and lipid-metabolism-related genes in the hepatopancrea,and improves the decline of antioxidant and immune abilities caused by cadmium stress,thereby having better application prospect. |
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