| During the same period of rain and heat in the farming-pastoral transition zone of Yanmenguan,Shanxi,the loss of hay production make by alfalfa is great.In recent years,alfalfa silage has developed rapidly,but the quality of semi-dry alfalfa silage is difficult to control due to uncertainty of rainfall.this study combined the regional meteorological conditions and agricultural structure characteristics,and utilized the main local agricultural sideline products(bran,corn meal)and alfalfa for mixed silage,and discussed the effects of bran and corn meal as adsorbents on adjusting water content and quality of alfalfa.This study aimed to solve the problem of water content adjustment in alfalfa silage processing.Experiment 1: Select 8 time points(8:00,10:00,12:00,14:00,16:00,18:00,20:00,22:00)for the first,second and third mowing of alfalfa at the beginning of flowering,then naturally air it on the field to determine the change rule(Y %)of alfalfa moisture falling to safe content for silage.By the consideration of the drying time(H,h),and three meteorological factors,average temperature(T,℃),relative humidity(RH,%)and wind speed(W,m/s),during the drying period of alfalfa,this study used the multiple linear stepwise regression method to establish a regression model of alfalfa water content change,achieving the goal of predicting alfalfa water content quickly.The results showed:For the changes of meteorological factors and the water content of alfalfa,this study fitted 24 regression equations for different time points of cutting.According to the R2,P value,NRMSE and ME in the regression fitting equation,,The above 24 regression fitting equations are highly fit,and the purpose of determining the moisture content of Alfalfa in time can be accurately determined.Experiment 2: The moisture content of fresh alfalfa harvested at the first flowering stage of each crop was 80%,75%,70% and 65% respectively by air drying.The moisture content of silage alfalfa was adjusted according to the theoretical optimal moisture content of 60%(± 5%)with bran and corn flour as adsorption materials for silage.The water content,nutritional quality,p H value and main organic acid content were determined,and the RFV was calculated,and the fermentation quality of silage was assessed.The results showed:(1)Adding bran and corn flour in different proportions can well adjust the moisture content of alfalfa silage.The theoretical addition proportions adjust the moisture content of alfalfa silage of 80% M,75% M,70% M and 65% M respectively.After silage fermentation,the deviations between the theoretical water content and the measured water content are between-4.79%~3.44%,respectively,indicating that the theoretical calculated addition ratio has a certain production guiding significance.(2)In the first crop of alfalfa silage,when the alfalfa grass has a moisture content of 80%,the optimal addition treatment is 10%Y+18%F,the RFV is 234.38.When the water content of alfalfa grass is 75%,the optimal treatment is 15%Y+8%F,the RFV is 307.23;When the alfalfa grass has a moisture content of 70%,the optimal addition treatment is 10%Y+6%F;the RFV is 225.58;When the alfalfa grass has a moisture content of 65%,it can be directly fermented with silage.The sensory evaluation after fermentation is excellent.the RFV is 266.61.(3)In the second crop of alfalfa silage,when the alfalfa grass has a moisture content of 80%,the optimal addition treatment is 15%Y+13%F,the RFV is 167.58;When the water content of alfalfa grass is 75%,the optimal treatment is 15%Y+8%F,the RFV is 164.58;When the water content of alfalfa grass is 70%,the optimal treatment is 15%Y+2%F,the RFV is 181.71;When the water content of alfalfa grass is 65%,the optimal addition treatment is 4%F,the RFV is 138.57%.(4)In the third crop of alfalfa silage,when the alfalfa grass has a moisture content of 80%,the optimal addition treatment is 15%Y+13%F,the RFV is 163.57;When the water content of alfalfa grass is 75%,the optimal addition treatment is 15%Y+8%F,the RFV is 234.27;When the water content of alfalfa grass is 70%,the optimal treatment is 15%Y+2%F,the RFV is 235.35;When the water content of alfalfa grass is 65%,the optimal treatment is 5%Y+4%F,the RFV is 151.60. |
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