| To solve the problem of food supply for residents is one of the important strategic planning of the national livelihood project.Agriculture,as the main industry of food production,provides the necessary support to protect the daily life of residents.In recent years,with the continuous innovation of agricultural technology and the transformation and upgrading of agricultural products processing,the comprehensive competitiveness of China’s agriculture has been greatly improved,and the grain supply and agricultural output value have increased significantly.However,with the rapid transformation and upgrading of agricultural economy,a series of agricultural environmental pollution problems emerge as the times require:the unscientific use of pesticides,fertilizers and agricultural film has brought about the problem of chemical residues,which not only pollutes the ecological environment,but also challenges people’s health and safety;With the popularization of large-scale agricultural machinery,the emissions of tail gas and other polluting gases in the process of agricultural production are greatly increased,resulting in the increase of agricultural carbon emissions.In order to solve these problems,it is necessary to deeply study the development level of agricultural ecological efficiency and its main influencing factors in various regions of China,and speed up the solution of food supply and agricultural ecological problems.Therefore,the agricultural economic output and ecological environment factors are included in the unified research framework,and the agricultural ecological efficiency of China is calculated from the perspective of green development,and the coordinated development of agricultural economy and ecological environment among provinces in China is analyzed,which can provide guidance for improving the level of agricultural green development.On the basis of comprehensive research literature of agricultural ecological efficiency,according to the purpose of this paper,the connotation definition of agricultural ecological efficiency is determined,and the measurement and influencing factors of agricultural ecological efficiency are explored from the perspective of green sustainable development.First,on the basis of realizing the rapid growth of agricultural economy,the concept of green and ecological development is highlighted,the agricultural carbon dioxide emissions are introduced,and the corresponding index system is constructed based on the input variables of agricultural production factors and economic output variables.The agricultural ecological efficiency of China’s provinces in 2003-2017 is measured by using EBM model considering non expected output factors,The time changing trend,overall characteristics,regional differences and improvement speed of agricultural ecological efficiency in China were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis and Malmquist Luenberger index.Secondly,the spatial distribution characteristics and evolution trend of agricultural ecological efficiency in China are investigated by the spatial autocorrelation test.The correlation relationship between agricultural ecological efficiency in different regions is analyzed according to the calculation results,so as to put forward the comprehensive control measures of regional joint prevention and control;Then,through the test and comparison,the spatial measurement model is established by integrating the optimal index combination,the direct effect and spatial spillover effect of each variable are analyzed,and the influencing factors and influence degree of agricultural ecological efficiency among neighboring areas are discussed,and then the suggestions for regional collaborative management of optimizing agricultural ecological efficiency in China are put forward.The main conclusions are as follows:①from the overall perspective,the agricultural ecological efficiency increased from 0.788 in 2003 to 0.942 in 2017,with an overall increase of 19.5%.There are two stages in the time change trend,which experienced the trend of small fluctuation first and then rising rapidly;From the perspective of regional differences,the agricultural ecological efficiency in East,central and Western China is characterized by a low "U" development model between the two high schools;From the perspective of the inter provincial differences,the agricultural ecological efficiency of each province is at a high level,but there is still a certain gap between different provinces;From the perspective of dynamic change,the agricultural ecological efficiency index of China’s provinces is basically above 1,only a few provinces have less than 1,and the improvement speed of agricultural ecological efficiency is accelerating.②The results of spatial autocorrelation test show that during the study period 2003-2017,the agricultural ecological efficiency of China’s provinces is mostly distributed in the first and third quadrants,while the agricultural ecological efficiency of a few provinces is in the second and fourth quadrants,and there is a positive correlation between spatial and geographical aspects of agricultural ecological efficiency in China;After in-depth analysis,it is found that most provinces in China are mainly distributed in the mode of "high high" agricultural ecological efficiency.③The results of SDM model test the influencing factors of agricultural ecological efficiency show that the improvement of agricultural disaster rate will lead to a sharp decline in agricultural ecological efficiency;The improvement of financial support for agriculture is helpful to the improvement of agricultural ecological efficiency and the coordination and balance between agricultural economy and environmental ecology;The effects of agricultural gross output value,input intensity of agricultural machinery and agricultural planting structure on agricultural ecological efficiency are positive but not passed the significant test.The innovation of this paper may include the following two aspects:first,from the perspective of research methods,using the unexpected output EBM model combined with Malmquist Luenberger index to measure the time trend and overall characteristics of China’s agricultural ecological efficiency,in order to accurately study the evaluation of agricultural ecological efficiency in China’s provinces;Second,from the perspective of research,we should consider bringing the spatial effect into the research framework,highlighting the spatial interaction of agricultural production in geography,so as to get more practical results.The shortcomings of this paper are mainly reflected in two aspects:first,since the latest data of fixed asset investment of the whole society is up to 2017,and the latest data of agricultural diesel,pesticide and agricultural film use is up to 2018,the research data is only up to 2017,and the time efficiency of the research is slightly lacking;Secondly,the factors that affect the change of agricultural ecological efficiency are multifaceted and complex.In order to ensure the rationality of the research,only five indicators of scale,structure,technology and policy choice are selected as independent variables.There are some deficiencies in the selection of influencing factors,so it is difficult to cover all the factors that affect agricultural ecological efficiency. |
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