Study On The Satisfaction Of Yangtze River Fishermen’s Return Policy Based On Benefit,Fairness And Ownership Perception

The Yangtze River has always been the mother river for the survival of our Chinese people.It is rich in biological,mineral and ecological resources.However,in recent years,the development of industrialization has led to the gradual decline of the ecology of the Yangtze River Basin.On the other hand,the unprotected fishing of fishery resources by fishermen in the Yangtze River Basin has led to more serious damage to fishery resources.On January 1,2020,the policy of "perennial ban on fishing in key waters of the Yangtze River Basin and rehabilitation of rivers and lakes" was officially launched.The essence of the "ten-year ban on fishing" is to make an overall plan for the sustainable use of fishery natural resources and implement mandatory system reform,which gives full play to the political advantage of concentrating on major events in China.After the ban on fishing for a period of time,the ecology of the Yangtze River has improved significantly,especially the fishery resources have been restored.Ten years later,the Yangtze River is expected to return to its previous state.However,at the same time of the ban on fishing,fishermen who live by fishing all year round along the Yangtze River will have to give up their means of livelihood.The Yangtze River ban covers 231000 retired fishermen in 14 provinces and cities.Most fishermen only catch fish and have no other survival skills,especially the elderly.Due to the longer fishing years,their learning ability is completely reduced or even lost,The ban on fishing will seriously affect the livelihood,and the income from other jobs is likely to be greatly reduced,affecting their willingness to return to fishing.Although some part-time fishermen or young fishermen can find another way out,their income may be reduced and their quality of life may be reduced.Although the purpose of the ban is to protect the ecology in the short term,the ultimate goal is the people.The improvement of the ecology can not be exchanged at the expense of the quality of life of fishermen.In order to ensure that the livelihood of fishermen returning from fishing will not be greatly affected,the compensation and subsidy funds invested by the state in the policy of banning fishing and returning from fishing have reached 25.167 billion yuan as of January 31,2021.Local governments have also started the resettlement of fishermen who have returned from fishing.Local governments have also formulated local policies suitable for the return of arrest and resettlement,and actively established a policy combination from the aspects of issuing compensation funds,living subsidies in the transition period,issuing social security policies,providing public welfare posts and carrying out employment training.However,fishermen are the main body of the return and resettlement policy.Fishermen have the most say in the performance of the return policy.The satisfaction of the return fishermen with the return policy can reflect the scientificity and implementation performance of the policy to a certain extent.If the fishermen are not satisfied with the return policy,it will affect the long-term stability of the ban,and it will violate the ruling concept of people-oriented.However,at the initial stage of the resettlement work,various policies are mixed,and the government does not know which policies have practical effects on solving the livelihood problems faced by fishermen who have returned from fishing.Therefore,the satisfaction of returning fishermen with the return policy has become a key issue to be studied urgently.Based on the household survey data of 269 Yangtze River fishermen in Hunan and Anhui,based on the relevant literature and theories at home and abroad,this paper processes the data with entropy method,classifies and extracts the variables with factor analysis,and finally uses ordered logit model and ISM model to analyze the sense of benefit,fairness This paper studies the influencing factors of the three perceptions of sense of belonging on the satisfaction of fishermen’s policy,and reveals the action level and correlation mechanism of each factor.The conclusions are as follows: 1.At present,the satisfaction of returning fishermen with the combination of local returning policies is not high,and the average satisfaction of Anhui Province is greater than that of Hunan Province,which is 2.75(total score is 5 points).2、 The sense of benefit(income factors,incentive factors,social security factors),the sense of fairness(popularization of policies for returning fishing and safeguarding rights,provision of employment information),and the sense of belonging(fishing village ownership,empathy ownership,family and friends ownership)all have a significant positive impact on the policy satisfaction of returning fishermen.3 、 There is a correlation and hierarchical division among the influencing factors.The factors of information equity and income are deep-seated influencing factors,which will affect the policy satisfaction of returning fishermen through influencing incentive factors and empathic attribution.The factors of information equity and income in the deep-seated influencing factors are the root factors,which are the decisive factors of returning fishermen’s satisfaction with the policy,In the middle layer are incentive factors,fishing village ownership and empathy ownership,which are easy to control.In the surface layer are social security factors and family and friends ownership,which directly affect the policy satisfaction of fishermen returning from fishing,and need to be paid attention to first.In view of the above research conclusions,this paper believes that the satisfaction of returning fishermen with the return policy is not high and needs to be further improved.In order to improve the policy satisfaction of returning fishermen,this paper puts forward corresponding policy suggestions from the three levels of surface,middle and deep influencing factors: first,for surface factors,the government should encourage villagers,neighbors and relatives to help returning fishermen and form an atmosphere to make fishermen feel a sense of belonging before returning;Social security factor means fishermen’s perception of the benefits of social security coverage and methods.The government can optimize the current social security coverage and implementation methods as appropriate.2、 As for the intermediate factors,the government should continue to reward fishermen for reporting illegal fishing and actively handing in fishing gear;Encourage neighbors to help each other,and assign resettlement villages to maintain the original neighborhood relations,often communicate with returning fishermen,and do a good job in follow-up work.3、Deep-seated factors,help returning fishermen find enterprises lacking personnel,provide timely information to fishermen,communicate with problematic fishermen,explain the ban policy in place,and improve the sense of participation of returning fishermen;While implementing the compensation for returning the arrest in time,the government needs to strengthen efforts to provide jobs and broaden income channels;Special assistance should be given to fishermen who have difficulties.If there is no difficulty in the local policy,the relief fund can be added.If there is,the relief efforts can be increased according to the actual situation,and the transition work of follow-up assistance should be done well.