| The greenhouse environment is relatively closed,and the crops in the greenhouse have particularly high requirements for the environmental quality.Except for the flat ground,suitable moisture,and good light conditions,there should be no air pollution in the internal environment.At present,some agricultural machinery have been produced by many domestic agricultural machinery manufacturers aimed at the narrow space of greenhouses,which generally powered by internal combustion engines,have many shortcomings such as serious pollution and inconvenience during use.Therefore,it is urgent to research on electric tractors that have the advantages of low energy consumption,low pollution,low noise,and high efficiency.Firstly,six kinds of drive system layout schemes of electric tractors were analyzed and compared in this work,and the layout scheme with minor changes to the traditional internal combustion engine tractors was selected.The Huaxia 150 B wheeled tractor was selected as the design prototype,and the parameters matching of the components of the electric tractor were carried out on the basis of it.The driving dynamics of the electric tractor was analyzed and calculated,and the specific evaluation indexes of the electric tractor were obtained.The stability,economic adaptability,economy and reliability of electric tractors were analyzed and studied.Secondly,the vehicle parameters of small electric tractors for facility agriculture were matched and calculated.The permanent magnet brushless motor was selected as the drive motor of the electric tractor and the parameters of drive motor were matched and calculated.And then,a comparative study was carried out on the power battery of the electric tractor,the lithium iron phosphate battery suitable for electric tractor was selected as the on-board power supply,and the parameters of the transmission system were matched according to the theoretical speed.According to the results of the whole vehicle parameter matching,a complete set of two-dimensional drawings of the electric tractor was drawn,and a new type of tractor structure parameter matching was provided.Finally,a simulation model of a small electric tractor for facility agriculture was built by CRUISE software,and the parameters of each component in the simulation model were set.The electric tractor which had been built was also simulated and analyzed by Cruise software.It was finally obtained that the maximum traction force of the electric tractor was 12229.49 N,the maximum degree of climbing was 27.17%,the maximum speed was 34Km/h,and the acceleration time to 20Km/h was 7.7s,the continuous work time was 4.98 h.The simulation results all conformed to the evaluation indices of the designed electric tractor.The rationality of the parameter matching of the electric tractor designed in this paper was verified according to the simulation results.This study could provide a theoretical basis for the development of later prototypes. |
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