| Phallstachys edulis is the most important eco-economic bamboo species in China,and the compound operation provides an effective solution to the problems that exist in the operation of Moso bamboo forests.Bamboo bacteria compound operation is a mode of bamboo forest compound operation that is rapid and cost-effective,but there are few studies on the increase of the comprehensive benefits of promoting the good growth of food bacteria and the increase of bamboo forests through measures such as forest structure regulation,matrix ratio optimization,and food bacteria selection.In this paper,we use bamboo forest high-value operation as the starting point,and establish three modes for the under growth characteristics of edible bacteria and technical difficulty of lariat,including Dictyophora indusiata,Stropharia rugosoannulata,and Oudemansiella raphanipes,by setting high,low,medium,three forest density,and three matrix proportions(Dictyophora indusiata was 100%covered bran50%husk+50%bamboo chips,100%bamboo chips;Stropharia rugosoannulata was 50%rice bran+50%rice straw,50%bamboo chips+50%rice straw,100%bamboo chips;Oudemansiella raphanipes was bamboo chippings 10%+sawdust 50%+cotton seed shells 20%+wheat peels 17%+gypsum2%+sugar 1%,bamboo crumbs 30%+sawdust 30%+cotton seed shells 20%+wheat peels17%+gypsum 2%+sugar 1%,bamboo crumbs 50%+sawdust 10%+cotton seed shells 20%+wheat peels 17%+gypsum 2%+sugar 1%),and studies on the optimal combinations of food species,matrix allocation,and stand structure under the bamboo stands were carried out using the traditional operation of bamboo stands as the control.In the hope of providing a scientific basis for the comprehensive operation of bamboo bacteria stereology.The main findings are as follows:1.The average chest diameter of nascent bamboo in the edible mycelium sample site under the apocyno bamboo forest was higher than that in the control sample site of the traditional asparagus harvesting mode,and most of the plots showed higher rates of shoot and bamboo formation than that in the control sample site of the traditional operation mode.The average chest diameters increased by 12.93%,15.84%,13.38%,26.66%.It indicated that under hairy bamboo forest lariat edible bacteria could promote the growth and development of bamboo shoot and nascent bamboo.2.The contents of soil available P,rapid acting K,total P and total K were significantly increased after the edible bacteria of apocynus reticulatus lariat.The available P contents of the Dictyophora indusiata increased by 16.50%at the end of harvest,41.61%in medium density100%rice bran matrix,16.24%in medium density 100%bamboo bran matrix,19.31%in medium density 100%bamboo bran matrix,and 10.03%in all K contents at the end of harvest,respectively;The available phosphorus contents of Stropharia rugosoannulata increased by181.12%four months after harvest,the available potassium contents increased by 46.01%four months after harvest,the whole phosphorus contents increased by 20.00%in the high-density50%bamboo chip+50%rice straw matrix,the whole phosphorus contents increased by16.63%four months after harvest,and the contents increased by 19.36%in the low-density50%bamboo chip+50%rice straw matrix;The rapid rate potassium content of Oudemansiella raphanipes increased by 98.85%at the end of harvest,the total phosphorus content increased by 45.45%in medium density 50%bamboo sawdust+10%sawdust+40%other matrices,and the total potassium content increased by 33.73%at 4 months after the end of harvest.It indicated that lariat edible bacteria under the Moso bamboo forest improved soil nutrient conditions to some extent.3.The soil microbial biomass significantly increased after the edible bacteria of bamboo intussusception.The total amount of microbial PLFA,fungal biomass,and bacterial biomass in soil from Dictyophora indusiata plots increased by 40.77%,71.43%,and 36.22%,respectively,at 4 months after harvest;Soil microbial PLFA total,bacterial biomass,and actinomycete biomass in the medium density 50%bamboo chips+50%rice straw substrate increased by17.77%,18.53%,21.13%,respectively,and those of gram positive/gram negative bacteria increased by 21.54%at 8 months after the end of harvest;The total amount of soil microbial PLFA,fungal biomass,bacterial biomass,and actinomycete biomass in Oudemansiella raphanipes plots increased by 50.89%,106.12%,42.61%,51.39%,respectively,at the end of harvest,while the gram positive bacteria/gram negative bacteria increased by 9.01%at 4months after harvest,and by 22.46%in the medium density 30%bamboo sawdust+30%sawdust+40%other matrices.It indicated that under apocyno forest lariat edible bacteria promoted microbial growth and reproduction.4.In Dictyophora indusiata mode,the medium density 50%bran+50%bamboo crumb matrix yields the highest yield,reaching 400kg/mu;The highest yield of medium density 50%rice bran plus 50%rice straw substrate was in the Stropharia rugosoannulata mode,which was275 kg/mu;The highest yield of 86 kg/mu for medium density 10%bamboo sawdust+50%sawdust+40%other substrates was achieved in Oudemansiella raphanipes mode.5.The operation benefit of lariat edible under forest is much higher than that of traditional bamboo forest operation.Without counting bamboo to asparagus economic output,the maximum pure gain of Dictyophora indusiata model was 8000yuan/mu,yielding a yield ratio of 2.00;The maximum pure yield of Stropharia rugosoannulata model is 8950 yuan/mu with a yield to yield ratio of 2.86;The maximum pure yield of the lariat Oudemansiella raphanipes mode is 700 yuan/mu with a yield to yield ratio of 1.19.In this study,we determined the medium density(1800-2400/hm~2)as the optimal bamboo density for Dictyophora indusiata test by comprehensive benefit comparison among the bamboo forming rate,average hypocotyl size of neobamboo,available phosphorus,available potassium,total amount of soil PLFA,yield/input ratio,and pure yield index,with50%bran+50%bamboo crumbs as the optimal matrix ratio;Medium density(1800-2400/hm~2)was determined as the optimal bamboo forest density for Stropharia rugosoannulata test,with 50%rice bran+50%rice straw as the optimal substrate ratio;The medium density(1800-2400/hm~2)was determined to be the optimal bamboo forest density for Oudemansiella raphanipes test,and 10%bamboo sawdust+50%sawdust+40%of the others were the optimal matrix proportions.The findings can provide scientific guidance for the high value operation of Moso forest. |
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