Investigation And Evaluation On Forest Germplasm Resources In AiShan

Forest germplasm resources are important basic and strategic resources,an important basis for seed selection and breeding,for ensuring food security,promoting ecological civilization and maintaining biodiversity.Carrying out the investigation and comprehensive evaluation of forest germplasm resources is the basis for their effective protection and rational utilization.In this study,we conducted a field investigation of forest germplasm resources and a comprehensive evaluation of wild forest germplasm resources in the area,taking the Aishan of Yantai City,Shandong Province as the research object.Based on mapping the species,distribution,quantity and growth of forest germplasm resources in the region,we investigated the wild forest germplasm resources(including rare and endangered species),cultivated and utilized forest germplasm resources,ancient and precious trees in the region by using route survey,sample plot survey and single plant survey,and analyzed the composition of forest germplasm resources and other aspects.Based on the wild forest germplasm resources found in the investigation,evaluation models were established for evaluation and grading in three directions: ornamental,ecological protection,and timber use,using analytic hierarchy process.The results of this study could provide reference for the conservation of germplasm resources,greening of barren mountains and construction of coastal protection forests in Aishan and the surrounding areas,and helped the construction of a pilot demonstration province of scientific greening in Shandong Province.The main conclusions were as follows:(1)Forest germplasm resources were relatively abundant in Aishan.There were 143 species of wild forest germplasm resources in Aishan,belonging to 42 families and 80 genera.Among them,13 species of gymnosperms belonged to 8 genera and 4 families,and 130 species of angiosperms belonged to 72 genera and 38 families.In terms of physiological and ecological characteristics,there were 9 evergreen woody plants and 134 deciduous woody plants.It was found that there were 7 species of new recorded tree species in Aishan.There were 93 species of wild forest germplasm resources,belonging to 31 families and 57 genera.There were 50 cultivated forest germplasm resources belonging to 23 families and 36 genera.There were 8rare and endangered tree species and 4 ancient and famous trees.(2)Analysis of the composition of forest germplasm resources in Aishan.Aishan’s wild forest germplasm resources belonged to 31 families and 57 genera,including 36 species of trees,44 species of shrubs and 13 species of woody vines,mainly concentrated in the Rosaceae,Fabaceae,Celastraceae,Ulmaceae,etc.From the distribution of geographical types of genera,wild forest germplasm resources belonged to 11 geographical distribution types,with the most distribution types mainly in temperate zones,totaling 41 genera,accounting for 67.21% of the total number of genera,of which 23 genera were the most distributed in the northern temperate zone.15 genera of tropical character account for 24.59% of the total number of genera in the area,indicated that the flora of Aishan had typical temperate flora characteristics and certain tropical affinities.(3)Comprehensive evaluation of the wild forest germplasm resources.In order to make rational use of the forest germplasm resources in Aishan,a comprehensive evaluation system was established by using the questionnaire and analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Based on ornamental needs,13 specific evaluation indexes were evaluated from 3 levels of ornamental value,resource potential and ecological value.Crataegus pinnatifida,Rhododendron mucronulatum,Rosa multiflora,Prunus glandulosa,Prunus armeniaca,Prunus serrulate,Malus hupehensis,Spiraea fritschiana,Callicarpa japonica,Prunus serrulate,Prunus japonica were recommended first.In terms of ecological protection,16 specific evaluation indexes were evaluated from 4 levels of adaptability,protection ability,landscape value and economic value.The tree species such as Ulmus pumila,Pinus densiflora,Quercus variabilis,Quercus acutissima,Diospyros lotus,Quercus mongolica,Ailanthus altissima,Prunus armeniaca,Acer truncatum,Quercus dentata were recommended.In terms of timber species,we evaluated 17 specific indexes from 4 levels,including timber characteristics,economic value,fitness and landscape value.The tree species such as Quercus mongolica,Tilia amurensis,Quercus acutissima,Quercus dentata,Quercus variabilis,Ulmus pumila,Ulmus davidiana,Diospyros lotus were rated grade Ⅰ.