Effects Of Sowing Date And Seed Potato Treatment On Potato Growth,yield And Quality

As the fourth largest food crop in the world,potato has the advantages of comprehensive nutritional value and wide processing use.Potato has always occupied an important position in China ’s grain system,and has made important contributions to ensuring national food security and promoting national economic development.Keshan County of Heilongjiang Province has a long history of potato planting,and the natural ecological environment is suitable for potato growth.Due to the cold climate,it has always been a high-quality seed potato producing area in China.Aiming at the actual demand of Heilongjiang Keshan potato science and technology courtyard,this paper studies the effects of sowing date and seed potato treatment on potato growth.Taking early-maturing fresh variety Zhongshu 5 and middle-late maturing processing variety Dongnong 310 as experimental materials,two-factor field experiment was carried out.Two sowing dates(May 12 and May 24)and four seed potato treatment methods(direct sowing,air-drying sowing,talcum powder mixing seed,talcum powder and chemical agent mixing seed)were set up in the potato science and technology courtyard test base of Shuanghe Township,Keshan County,Qiqihar City.The agronomic traits and yield formation of plants at different growth stages were investigated.The harvest yield and tuber quality indexes were measured,and the performance of different varieties was analyzed to provide data support for high and stable yield of potato.The main results are as follows :(1)The effect of sowing date on the growth period of Zhongshu 5 was smaller than that of Dongnong 310,and different seed potato treatments had no effect on the growth period of potato.Different sowing dates will affect the growth of plant height and stem diameter of potato.Different sowing dates can affect the development of plant height and stem diameter in the early and middle stages of growth period,and have no significant effect on plant height and stem diameter at maturity.The plant height of Zhongshu No.5 will show negative growth at maturity.The effects of different seed potato treatments on plant height and stem diameter of potato were not significant.The use of talcum powder and thiophanate-methyl seed dressing can promote the early development of tubers of Dongnong 310 in the growth period.The effect of sowing date on the development of tubers of Zhongshu 5 is not significant.The talcum powder and thiophanate-methyl used in the experiment have a certain role in promoting the development of tubers of Zhongshu 5 but not significant.(2)Different sowing dates can affect the yield of potato.Talcum powder and thiophanate-methyl seed dressing can increase the commodity potato rate of potato.Different sowing dates will affect the number of tubers per plant and single tuber weight of Zhongshu 5.Direct sowing after cutting on the day of sowing will reduce potato yield.Mixing talcum powder and thiophanate-methyl in proportion during seed potato treatment can increase potato yield.(3)Different sowing dates will affect the dry matter content of potato and the reducing sugar content of Zhongshu 5.Different sowing dates can affect the accumulation of starch in Dongnong 310.The sowing date and seed potato treatment have little effect on the content of vitamin C and crude protein.In summary,different sowing dates can affect the length of potato growth period,affect the growth of potato plant height and stem diameter;different sowing dates and seed treatment methods will affect the development of Dongnong 310 tubers;different sowing dates and seed potato treatments will affect the yield of potato;sowing date also had a certain effect on the dry matter content,reducing sugar content and starch content of potato.