Effects Of Different Culture Materials On Mycelium Growth,Fruiting Body Yield And Nutritional Components Of Lentinus Edodes

Lentinus edodes is the second largest edible fungus strain in the world,which is not only rich in nutrition,delicious in taste,but also of high medicinal value.China is the birthplace of mushroom cultivation technology,with a long history and independent cultivation technology.Nowadays,with the improvement of people’s living standards,the social demand of Lentinus edodes is increasing,and the traditional cultivation substrates such as sawdust can no longer meet the production of Lentinus edodes.At this stage,it is a technical problem for Lentinus edodes producers to add some other substrates instead of sawdust or develop new cultivation substrates.China is a traditional agricultural country,which produces a large amount of agricultural wastes every year,resulting in a lot of resource waste and environmental pollution problems.Choosing suitable agricultural wastes as the cultivation substrate of mushrooms and other edible fungi is a way to solve the shortage of sawdust substrate.In this experiment,wormwood,stevia rebaudiana and Chinese medicine residue were used as culture materials to cultivate Lentinus edodes,and the different addition amounts of the three culture materials were set to different formulas,with the addition amounts set to 10%,20%,30%,40%,50% and 60% respectively,and the pure sawdust formula was used as the control.The effects of different addition amounts of three kinds of culture materials on the mycelium growth,fruiting,fruiting body yield and nutritional components of Lentinus edodes were studied,and the optimal addition amounts of three kinds of culture materials were screened out respectively.The main results of the test are as follows:(1)Inoculating Lentinus edodes 16 and Lentinus edodes 868 into substrates with different amounts of wormwood(10%～60%)has little effect on the indexes of mycelium growth,and the mycelium of the fungus sticks with different amounts can grow normally to a full bag;Inoculation of Lentinus edodes 16 and Lentinus edodes 868 in substrates with different stevia rebaudiana additions(10%～60%)inhibited the growth of mycelium,and the inhibition effect increased with the increase of the addition amount.When the addition amount reached 50%,the mycelium grew too slowly or stopped growing and could not fill the bag.Inoculating Lentinus edodes 16 and Lentinus edodes 868 into substrates with different amounts of Chinese medicine residues(10%～60%)had no obvious effect on mycelium growth before the addition amount was 50%.When the addition amount reached50%,it had obvious inhibitory effect on mycelium growth,but all the hyphae could grow to full bags.(2)Lentinus edodes 16 and Lentinus edodes 868 can normally turn color and produce mushrooms in the substrate with 10%～60% of wormwood.The maximum amount of Stevia rebaudiana which can normally turn color and produce mushrooms in the cultivation substrate is 40%,and the maximum amount of Chinese medicine residue which can normally turn color and produce mushrooms in the cultivation substrate is 30%.Moreover,different amounts of wormwood,Stevia rebaudiana and Chinese medicine residue are added as the cultivation substrate of Lentinus edodes,and the fruiting time and mushroom type of fruiting bodies are both the same.(3)The first-wave fruiting body yield of Lentinus edodes 16 and Lentinus edodes 868 in wormwood substrates with different addition amounts showed that the first-wave fruiting body yield of the formula with 60% wormwood addition amount of Lentinus edodes 16 was significantly lower than that of the formula with pure sawdust,and the first-wave fruiting body yields of other formulas were higher than that of the formula with pure sawdust;The yield of fruiting bodies in the first wave in the substrates with different stevia rebaudiana amounts showed as follows: among the four formulas with different amounts of stevia rebaudiana residues(10%,20%,30% and 40%)for normal fruiting,the yield of fruiting bodies in the substrate formula with stevia rebaudiana amounts of 10% and 20%was slightly higher than that in the pure sawdust formula,while that in the substrate formula with stevia rebaudiana amounts of 30% and 40%.The yield of fruiting bodies in the first tidal wave in the substrates with different amounts of Chinese medicine residue showed that the yield of fruiting bodies in the first tidal wave of three formulas with different amounts of Chinese medicine residue(10%,20% and 30%)for normal fruiting decreased in turn,and all of them were significantly lower than those in the pure sawdust formula.(4)The nutritional contents of mushroom 16 and mushroom 868 in different amounts of wormwood substrates are as follows: the content of crude polysaccharide in the fruiting body of each formula is significantly lower than that of pure sawdust formula,and decreases with the increase of wormwood content;the content of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,crude protein and free amino acid in the fruiting body of each formula is significantly higher than that of pure sawdust formula,in which the content of total phosphorus and total potassium increases with the increase of wormwood content,and the content of free amino acid first increases and then decreases with the increase of wormwood content.The nutritional contents of the fruiting bodies of Lentinus edodes 16 and Lentinus edodes 868 in different amounts of stevia rebaudiana substrates are as follows:the content of crude polysaccharide in the fruiting bodies of Lentinus edodes 868 with 10%stevia rebaudiana is significantly lower than that of pure sawdust formula,and the contents of crude polysaccharide,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,crude protein and free amino acid in the fruiting bodies of other formulas are significantly higher than that of pure sawdust formula,among which the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,free amino acid and total potassium of Lentinus edodes 868 are added with stevia rebaudiana.The contents of nutritional components in the fruiting bodies of Lentinus edodes 16 and Lentinus edodes 868 in different amounts of Chinese medicine residue matrix are as follows: the contents of crude polysaccharide,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,crude protein and free amino acid in the fruiting bodies of each formula are significantly higher than those of pure sawdust formula,in which the contents of total nitrogen,total potassium and crude protein increase with the increase of Chinese medicine residue,while the contents of total phosphorus and free amino acid decrease with the increase of Chinese medicine residue.