Study On The Mycelial Biological Characteristics,Antioxidant Activity,and Nutritional Components Of Four Gymnopus Strains

To make full use of the wild Gymnopus resources from macrofungi,four wild Gymnopus fruiting bodies collected from Tongren City,Guizhou Province and Lijiang City,Yunnan Province from June to August were isolated and purified,and the obtained pure strains were used as experimental materials.The morphological and molecular biological identification of four Gymnopus strains showed that the four Gymnopus belonged to the foul group,sect.Impudicae,sect.Androsacei,and sect.Levipedes of the Gymnopus.Conduct a study on the biological characteristics of the strains isolated and purified from the fruiting body of the Gymnopus,and continue the orthogonal experiment based on the single factor experiment.The orthogonal experiment uses L₉（3⁴）four factor and three level orthogonal experiment to further study the optimal combination of carbon source,nitrogen source,p H and temperature for solid culture,The results showed that the optimum culture conditions for the mycelium of the Gymnopus strain HMJAU 60405 were soluble starch,yeast extract powder,p H 6.0 and temperature 20℃;the optimum culture conditions for the mycelium of the Gymnopus strain HMJAU60406 were sucrose,peptone,p H 5.0 and temperature 20℃;the optimum culture conditions for the mycelium of the Gymnopus strain HMJAU60407 were maltose,yeast extract powder,p H 8.0 and temperature 25℃;the optimum culture conditions for the mycelium of the Gymnopus strain HMJAU60408 were Glucose,peptone,p H 5.0,and temperature 25℃.On the basis of the research results on the optimal cultivation conditions of mycelium,antioxidant activity and nutritional composition of the mycelium obtained from liquid fermentation were also studied.The results showed that the mycelium of the four Gymnopus had certain antioxidant activity,The mycelium of strain HMJAU 60406 showed significantly higher free radical scavenging ability than strains HMJAU 60407,HMJAU 60408,and HMJAU 60405in total antioxidant capacity DPPH（21.48±0.18μmol Trolox/g dry weight）and ABTS（72.04±1.21μmol Trolox/g dry weight）methods;The results of nutrient content determination indicate that the mycelium crude protein content（301.32±2.80 mg/g dry weight）,amino acid content（41.33±2.48 mg/g dry weight）,and crude polysaccharide content（73.80±0.81 mg/g dry weight）of strain HMJAU 60408 are higher than those of strain HMJAU 60405,strain HMJAU 60406,and strain HMJAU 60407.The Gymnopus spp.is not only a good source of fungal protein,but also a good source of amino acids and crude polysaccharides.This paper provides a reference for studying the biological characteristics,domestication and cultivation,as well as the edible and medicinal value of the wild Gymnopus.