Shark Conservation And Management In Regional Fisheries Management Organizations And China’s Countermeasures

Shark conservation and management is an important part of global fisheries resources governance.Since the 1990 s,the conservation and management of sharks has received high attention worldwide.Some international organizations,especially regional fisheries management organizations that manage tuna fisheries,have promulgated and implemented a large number of legal documents and various measures to vigorously support shark conservation and management.After the above actions,shark conservation and management have achieved certain results,but also faced a series of problems.Taking the international documents and measures of shark conservation and management as the main line,focusing on analyzing the challenges faced by international shark resources conservation,and constructively putting forward China’s future response strategies,striving to promote the further improvement of global shark resources conservation,promote the sustainable development of global shark resources,and enhance China’s voice and leadership in the global shark resources conservation,is the starting point and end point of this article.The first chapter is the introduction of the paper.Sharks play an important role in maintaining the balance of marine ecosystems and biodiversity,but they are also vulnerable to the dual threats of environment and human activities.Based on this,the international community and relevant laws and regulations all reaffirm the conservation and management of shark resources.The specific background of shark conservation and management shows the purpose and significance of this article.In addition,combing the research status at home and abroad from shark biological and ecological basis,shark resources laws and regulations,international management framework and other aspects,it is found that there are corresponding deficiencies in shark conservation and management in China at the emerging stage.The second chapter outlines the international documents on global shark conservation and management.It mainly combed the contents of international shark conservation in international documents such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,the International Shark Action Plan,the Convention on the Protection of Migratory Wild Animal Species,the United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement,and analyzed the international status of shark conservation and management.These international documents with or without mandatory binding force are based on different concepts and principles,resulting in different results of shark conservation and management.The third chapter focuses on the practice of shark conservation and management of five tuna regional fisheries management organizations.The five tuna regional fisheries management organizations have adopted many similar measures in shark data collection and reporting,prohibition of fin cutting and throwing.At the same time,the conservation and management of sharks has also achieved initial results,prompting more countries and regions to take measures to protect shark resources,making the status quo of shark resources and catching more clear,and promoting the development of shark resources towards conservation and management.The fourth chapter analyzes the conservation and management of sharks in the five tuna regional fisheries management organizations.It can be seen that the conservation and management practices of sharks in the five regional fisheries management organizations,while promoting the healthy and healthy development of global shark resources,also face many challenges,such as the accuracy of shark data needs to be improved,the conservation and management measures have not been effectively implemented,the decision-making dilemma,the management system is virtually non-existent,and the limited capacity of the contracting parties to perform the contract.The fifth chapter is the strategy of shark conservation and management of five tuna regional fisheries management organizations.Further promote the development of shark conservation and management by establishing shark data sharing platform,strengthening the implementation of management measures,and supporting the capacity building of developing States parties,and establish a shark conservation and management community with the guiding concept of promoting the scientific and rational development and utilization of shark resources and healthy and sustainable development,so as to form a larger,stronger,more scientific and reasonable joint force for shark resources protection.The sixth chapter is is China’s implementation of the requirements for international shark conservation and management and its response strategies.First of all,China has introduced corresponding countermeasures for international shark conservation in terms of national management institutions and national laws and regulations.At the same time,as a member of the four organizations,in order to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of China’s pelagic fisheries and expand the development space of pelagic fisheries,we should attach importance to and standardize the statistics of shark fishery data,strictly abide by the shark conservation and management measures of the five tuna regional fisheries management organizations,and strengthen the research strength and participation of the organization.The seventh chapter is the conclusion and prospect.First,shark species have special biological habits and become the main or concurrent targets of international fishery activities.Second,the five tuna regional fisheries management organizations play a pioneering role in leading the global shark resource protection.Third,flag States will assume more responsibility for the conservation and management of sharks.Fourth,China is not a major global shark fishing and trading country,nor is it a shark "executioner".