Effects Of Rice-Chicken And Rice-Ducking Models On Rice Field Soil Nutrients,Soil Enzyme And Rice Quality

Rice-chicken model and rice-ducking model are two production models which organically combine rice planting with chicken raising and duck raising respectively.In order to investigate the effects of rice-chicken model and rice-ducking model on soil nutrients,soil enzymes and rice quality,two ecological planting and rearing models,rice-chicken model(RC)and rice-ducking model(RD),were designed in this paper.Effects of dynamic changes of soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities on dry matter accumulation,yield and quality of rice.The main results are as follows:1.The rice-chicken model significantly increased soil total K content by 9.58%,and decreased soil total P content by 7.79%,but had no significant effect on soil total N content.Rice-ducking model significantly reduced soil total P content by 7.79%,but had no significant effect on soil total N and total K content.2.Compared with single rice planting,the contents of alkali-hydrolyzed N and available P in soil increased by 3.99%-15.52% and 10.37%-58.05% at tillering stage and full heading stage,the content of available P and available K in soil decreased by 29.32% and20.69% at maturation stage,respectively,the contents of soil organic matter at tillering stage and full heading stage were increased by 6.08%～10.48%.Rice-ducking model significantly reduced soil alkali-hydrolyzed N content from tillering stage to full heading stage by7.24%-18.94%,but increased by 19.24% at maturity stage,the content of available P and available K in soil decreased significantly at rice maturition stage by 30.92% and 20.69%,respectively,the content of soil organic matter in the maturion stage of rice was significantly increased by 9.15%.3.Compared with single rice cropping,rice-chicken model significantly increased soil catalase activity at rice booting stage by 13.89%,the activity of soil sucrase was significantly increased by 65.62% at full heading stage.The activity of soil catalase in rice-ducking model was increased by 14.29% at tillering stage,the activity of sucrase in soil decreased by 50% at rice booting stage.Rice-chicken and rice-ducking models had no significant changes in soil urease activity.4.Rice-chicken model could increase dry matter transport between stem and leaf,and the contribution rate of dry matter to panicle increased 29.89% compared with rice monocululture.In rice-chicken model,the actual yield was increased by 9.26% by significantly increasing effective panicle number.Rice-ducking model had no significant effect on yield.5.Compared with rice mono-cropping,chalkiness in rice-chicken model was significantly decreased by 0.51%,and chalkiness grain percentage and chalkiness in rice-ducking model were significantly decreased by 3.05% and 0.72%,respectively.The reduction value,peak time and gelatinization temperature of rice-chicken and rice-ducking models were increased,amylose content was decreased,and protein content was significantly increased by 9.86% and 14.08%,respectively.In conclusion,early rice-chicken model can improve the growth of rice soil alkaline hydrolysis N,available P and organic matter content,improve the activity of soil catalase and sucrase,increase the soil total P content after the rice planting,to improve rice yields by9.26% by significantly increase the effective panicles,increase the protein content of rice and reduce the chalk rice whiteness,the comprehensive benefit is higher than that of rice-ducking model.