Effects Of Application Of Wood Vinegar On Growth,Disease And Insects Of Four Crops

Wood vinegar is the liquid produced in the process of biomass carbon production,which has the comprehensive effect of promoting plant growth,improving crop yield and preventing and controlling diseases and insects.However,its effect on the growth of radish,cabbage,rape and cotton and the control of diseases and insect pests is still unclear.With the development of modern agriculture,reducing the use of pesticides and fertilizers and obtaining high yield,high quality and safe products have become the main goal of crop planting in China.In this study,rape,radish,cabbage and cotton were used as experimental materials to explore the effects of wood vinegar and its formula on the growth and occurrence of diseases and insects in these four crops.The main results are as follows:1.400 times wood vinegar solution and formula can significantly promote the growth and yield of rape,radish,cabbage and cottonThe plant height and the number of kernels per plant were increased by 400 times dilution of wood vinegar,and the 1000-grain weight,yield per plant and biomass per plant were significantly increased by 7.4%,29.2% and 30.1%,respectively.The results of the experiment on the growth of rapeseed showed that the root neck diameter,number of green leaves,leaf area per plant and aboveground biomass of rapeseed increased by 9.7%,54.5%,69.9% and 36.4%,respectively,when applied with 1 to 3 times of wood vinegar formula.The root neck thickness,leaf area per plant and SPAD of radish and cabbage were increased by 400 times dilution of wood vinegar.When diluted 400 times,the root neck thickness of radish and Chinese cabbage was increased by 61.6% and 28.6%,the leaf area per plant of radish and radish seedling was increased by 81.5% and 118.6%,and the yield of radish,radish seedling and Chinese cabbage was increased by 205.4%,169.3% and97.3%,respectively.In the application of wood vinegar solution and formula of cotton,the effect of spraying is better than irrigation.Spraying 100 times wood vinegar inhibited the growth of cotton,and spraying 100 times wood vinegar significantly increased the plant height and bud number of cotton.The plant height,SPAD,leaf number,bud number,leaf area and biomass of cotton were significantly increased by spraying 400 times wood vinegar.The plant height,SPAD,leaf area,dry weight of leaf,dry weight of bud,flower and boll,dry weight of root and stem and dry weight of whole plant of cotton were further increased by 29.6%,19.4%,47.9%,47.6%,226.5%,59.7% and 77.4%,respectively.2.Wood vinegar solution and formula can effectively prevent sclerotinia and verticillium wilt and improve the rate of resistance to feedingWhen diluted 100-400 times,the bacteriostatic rate of sclerotinia disease increased with the increase of concentration.When diluted 200-400 times,the bacteriostatic rate reached more than 50%.There was no significant difference in the control effect between the formula of 100 times diluted wood vinegar and 0.4 μg/m L sclertium net on radish and cabbage.The disease index of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum decreased and the control effect increased with the increase of the cumulative spraying times.In the range of 25-800 times dilution,with the increase of the concentration of wood vinegar,the inhibition rate of verticillium wilt was significantly increased,and the colony growth rate decreased until stopped.3.Wood vinegar solution and formula can improve the anti-feeding rate of Plutella xylostellaPlutella xylostella larvae had a certain antifeedant effect on the cabbage leaves treated with wood vinegar,and the antifeedant effect increased gradually with the decrease of the dilution ratio of wood vinegar.24 h after inoculation,the antifeedant rate of 100 times diluted wood vinegar solution reached about 40%.