| The Euonymus sanguineus is high ornamental value and medicinal value.In this paper,the three fertilizers with nitrogen(1 g·tree-1,1.5 g·tree-1,2 g·tree-1),orthogonal experiments with phosphorus(0.5 g·tree-1,1 g·tree-1,1.5 g·tree-1)and potassium(1 g·tree-1,1.5 g·tree-1,2 g·tree-1)were analyzed the effects of different fertilization ratios on the growth and physiology to determine the optimal fertilization scheme.The following conclusions are drawn:（1）The ratio of N,P and K can promote the improvement of the growth indexes of the E.sanguineus.Compared with CK group,fertilization with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium can promote the plant height growth,biomass accumulation,LMA improvement,germination and growth of new roots.Plant height fertilization treatment group of E.sanguineus trees high growth are more than CK,summer and autumn for the E.sanguineus trees high growth period（may～October）,November after all treatment of blood wei spear trees high growth have decreased,but fertilization group E.sanguineus trees high decline is lower than CK,indicating that fertilization of E.sanguineus trees high growth time has extended.The optimal combination suitable for improving the high growth of the spear plant is N2P1K2.In terms of biomass,the biomass accumulation of rhizomes and leaves was higher than that of CK,and the fertilization combination suitable for the total biomass accumulation of roots and leaves was N2P1K1.Among the three elements of N,P and K,N fertilizer has the highest effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the high growth of stem biomass and dry weight growth of unit leaf area,with the highest effect of phosphorus fertilizer on the accumulation of root and the total length of new root,including the best effect of 2,3 and the best effect of fertilizer on the growth indexes of spear,so select potassium fertilizer at 1 level.After the final comprehensive analysis,in order to achieve the fertilization effect and save the fertilizer,the fertilization combination recommended to promote the increase of various growth indicators was N2P2K1,namely urea 3.26 g·tree-1,calcium perphosphate8.33 g·tree-1,and potassium sulfate 1.67 g·tree-1.（2）The fertilization of N,P and K has a good effect on the physiological index of the E.sanguineus.Among the three elements of N,P and K,N and P fertilizer influenced the soluble sugar content of 1 was significantly higher than that of 2 and 3,and the effect of P fertilizer at 3 was significantly higher than that of 1 and 2;the effect of N fertilizer on the soluble protein content reached significant levels,and the effect of N fertilizer at 3 was significantly higher than that of 1 and 2.Based on the results of variance analysis,based on the principle of achieving fertilization effect and saving fertilizer,the fertilization ratio for the soluble sugar content is N1P3K1,namely urea 2.17 g·tree-1,12.50 g·tree-1,potassium sulfate 1.67 g·tree-1,soluble protein content is N3P1K1,namely urea4.35 g·tree-1,calcium phosphate 4.17 g·tree-1,and potassium sulfate 1.67 g·tree-1.Fertilization treatment can properly alleviate the damage caused by low temperature stress to the E.sanguineus.The ratio of N,P and K fertilization significantly affected the soluble sugar,soluble protein content,SOD enzyme activity and MDA content in different treatment periods,The first three all show a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,MDA showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing,Probably because May-October is the time of the spear growth and development,Plant leaf soluble sugar,soluble protein increased with time,The SOD enzyme activity was also elevated over time,MDA content decreased over time,But after November,Due to the gradual drop in temperature,The blocked content of soluble sugar and soluble protein synthesis in the leaves of the chis decreased,The SOD enzyme activity was also inhibited,The MDA content also showed an increased level,But the fertilization treatment can alleviate the damage caused by low-temperature stress,Soluble sugars,soluble protein content of the fertilization treatment group under cold stress,SOD enzyme activity was higher than the control group,However,the MDA content was lower than that in the control group.（3）The fertilization of N,P and K promotes the photosynthesis characteristics of the E.sanguineus.In terms of total Chl,N,P,K fertilizer on the total Chl,1,2 nitrogen Chl is significantly higher than 3,but there was no significant difference between 1 and 2,and the difference between the phosphate and potassium fertilizer did not reach the significant level,so the total Chl fertilizer ratio for N1P1K1,namely urea 2.17 g·tree-1,calcium phosphate 4.17g·tree-1,and potassium sulfate 1.67 g·tree-1.In terms of Pnmax,the fertilization ratio of N,P and K promoted Pnmax,but the difference between N,P and K fertilizers did not reach the significance level,so the fertilization ratio of Pnmax was N1P1K1,that is,urea 2.17 g·tree-1,calcium superphosphate 4.17 g·tree-1,and potassium sulfate 1.67 g·tree-1.ETR,the ratio of N,fertilizer,P,K can effectively improve the ETR value,N fertilizer of 2,3 level significantly higher than 1,but 3,no significant difference,P 3 levels significantly higher than 1,2levels,no significant difference between different levels,the most beneficial to improve the ETR fertilization ratio of N2P3K1,namely urea 3.26 g·tree-1,calcium overphosphate 12.50 g·tree-1,potassium sulfate 1.67 g·tree-1.（4）Principal component analysis method was used to comprehensively evaluate the growth and physiological indicators of the 10 treatment groups after the end of fertilization,among which the treatment 6 had the highest score,so the best fertilization ratio of the treatment 6（N2P3K1）,namely urea 3.26（4）Principal component analysis method was used to comprehensively evaluate the growth and physiological indicators of the 10 treatment groups after the end of fertilization,among which the treatment 6 had the highest score,so the best fertilization ratio of the treatment 6（N2P3K1）,namely urea 3.26 g·tree-1,calcium superphosphate 12.50 g·tree-1,potassium sulfate 1.67 g·tree-1. |
PDF Full Text Request