| Objective: Aiming at the problem that pearls are not easy to be absorbed by human body,the traditional processing methods and modern deepprocessing technology of Pearl medicinal materials were systematically studied in order to promote the dosage form reform and promote the efficient utilization of pearls,Objective to study the compatibility law of Pearl compound,and to provide reference and basis for clinical and new drug research and development of medicinal pearl.Methods: Using the methods of literature research,field research,mathematical statistics,with the help of traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance auxiliary platform software V2.5.Consult the ancient herbal books,processing monographs,and investigate the origin of Pearl genuine medicinal materials in coastal areas,With the help of TCMISS,the frequency and association rules of prescriptions containing pearls were analyzed,The traditional Chinese medicine property theory and prescription compatibility knowledge were used to systematically study pearl and its formula.Results:(1)Pearl is a kind of Pearl granular material formed by stimulation of Pteria martensii(dunker),Hyriopsis cumingii(LEA)or Cristaria plicata(LEACH)bivalves with pleated crown,Pearl is originally used as medicine in Elbow reserve emergency prescription(《肘后备急方》).It records that pearl is used in combination with cinnamon,Fritillaria and egg for treating warm diseases.This is the earliest prescription containing pearl.(2)The genuine medicinal material of pearl is Hepu pearl.In 2004,Hepu,Beihai,Guangxi,was officially recognized as the origin of South Pearl by the General Administration of quality supervision,inspection and Quarantine of the people’s Republic of China(including 15 small sea areas in Hepu County,Tieshangang District,Yinhai district and Haicheng District,covering an area of 5200 hectares),Besides Hepu area,pearl of sea water is produced in Guangdong Province and Hainan Province(Hepu in the North sea originally belongs to Guangdong Province).The origin of fresh water pearl has formed a regional industrial group with Zhuji as the center and radiated to Jiangsu,Hunan,Hubei,Jiangxi and other places.(3)The processing of Pearl began in the theory of Leigong Treatise on the Preparation(《雷公炮炙论》).There are records about pearl processing in song and Yuan Dynasties and the ancient herbal books of Ming and Qing Dynasties.The traditional processing methods of pearl are as follows:tamping,water flying,fire(calcining,burning,frying,baking,simmering),and the auxiliary materials used are tofu,human milk,cow milk,Cordyceps and vinegar.The modern pearl processing is mainly by water flying method,which has been the most common and most frequently used processing method since ancient times.The calcination method is less used,and other auxiliary materials except tofu are no longer used.In order to solve the problem of the difficulty of body absorption,acid-base hydrolysis,enzymatic solution,acid hydrolysis enzyme knot method,low temperature enzymatic hydrolysis technology of pure natural substances,ultrafine grinding technology,ultra micro grinding technology,submicron technology and nanotechnology have been applied in the deep processing of medicinal pearls.(4)In this study,253 prescriptions containing pearl were collected,involving 444traditional Chinese medicines.According to the frequency statistics,there are 24 high-frequency drugs,most of which are cold and warm,and the main flavor is sweet,pungent and bitter.17 groups of commonly used drug combinations such as cinnabar borneol,cinnabar pearl,borneol pearl were obtained by association rule analysis,The high frequency drug pairs were"Pearl and borneol","Pearl and artificial bezoar","Pearl and musk"and"Pearl and amber",The confidence of drug combination is 100%.Pearl can cure Convulsion,Sore and Eye disease,In addition,pearl is also used for the treatment of tumor,syphilis,respiratory tract infection,chest pain and chloasma.(5)Traditional dosage forms of Pearl mainly include pill,powder,plaster,Dan,and decoction.Dropping pills were derived from pills,and granules were improved from the powder.Cream,ointment and Chinese medicine gel paste were developed in the paste.At present,there are 7 kinds of Pearls preparation:capsule,tablet,granule,suppository,injection,ophthalmic preparation and oral liquid,Pearls are rarely added directly to the decoction.Conclusion:(1)Pearl has a long history of application.(2)The origin of modern pearl medicine has been clear.(3)Hepu area is the production area of genuine medicine Pearl.(4)The traditional processing method of pearl is water flying method.The modern deep processing method focuses on the problem that pearl is not easy to be absorbed by human body.The new technology is widely used in the chemical industry,but it is not widely used in the Pearl patent medicine.The reason is that the application of the new technology needs to be further promoted because of the complicated procedures in the approval of new drugs.(5)Through the analysis of data mining results,There are rules to follow in the use of pearl,The core prescription of pearl in the treatment of convulsion are pearl,amber,ice sheet,Niuhuang,musk,cinnabar,geranium and scorpion.Pearl,borneol,bezoar,musk,Resina Draconis,frankincense and myrrh are the core prescriptions for the treatment of sore.The core prescriptions for eye diseases are pearl,borneol,musk,cinnabar,borax,calamine,bear gall,amber and cuttlebone.When pearl is combined with resuscitation drugs(borneol,musk),sedative drugs(cinnabar,amber)and heat clearing drugs(buffalo horn,Coptis chinensis),the sedative and sedative effects are enhanced.When combined with heat clearing drugs and blood activating and stasis removing drugs(frankincense,myrrh and dragon’s blood),the effect of astringent and myogenic can be better exerted;When used together with heat clearing medicine and resuscitation medicine,the effect of improving eyesight is better.In addition to the above resuscitation,tranquilizing,heat clearing,blood activating and stasis removing drugs,pearl is also used in combination with calming liver and calming wind drugs,artificial bezoar,scorpion,Bombyx Batryticatus,Gastrodia elata,tonifying deficiency drugs such as licorice and ginseng,insecticide and antipruritic drugs such as realgar and calamine,detoxification and muscle generating drugs such as borax and light powder,expectorant and antitussive drugs such as geranium and dannanxing,and diuretic and dampness inducing drugs such as Poria It has the functions of calming the mind,brightening the eyes,eliminating the haze and moistening the skin.The mechanism of action of pearl is still not completely clear,so it is necessary to study pearl,and the application of pearl will be expanded with the deepening of basic research. |
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