Calamities And Anomalies、Auspicious Phenomena And Politics In Early Period Of Liusong Dynasty

During the Wei,Jin,and Northern and Southern Dynasties,many regimes were standing,and dynasties changed frequently.Whether internal or external,the monarch’s pursuit of political legitimacy is even stronger.As a relatively mature political theory,calamities and anomalies(“灾异”)、auspicious phenomena(“符瑞”)have an important role in strengthening the personal authority of the monarch and proclaiming the orthodox of the dynasty,and were generally valued and used by the monarchs during the Northern and Southern Dynasties.During the Jin and Song dynasties,Liu Yu established the Liu Song dynasty,which ended the politics of the dynasty and the revival of the decadent imperial power.The chaotic situation in the North also came to an end,and the unification of the Yellow River Basin in Northern Wei brought a period of stability to the North that lasted longer.In the early period of Liu Song,astronomy and auspicious phenomena played an important role in imperial power revival and competition for the orthodox between of the Northern and Southern Dynasties.This article is divided into three parts to analyze the role and influence of calamities and anomalies and auspicious phenomena factors during the construction of the political legitimacy in the early period of Liu Song,and discuss the different emphases during the domination of Emperor Wu(“武帝”)and Emperor Wen(“文帝”).In the first part,we research the relationship between astronomical astrology and establishment of Song dynasty.There are two main legitimacy of Liu Yu’s establishment of Song.One is suppression of rebellion,that is,the revival of the Jin Dynasty;the second is the recapture of lost land,that is,the elimination of hostile regimes such as Nanyan,Post-Qin,and Qiaoshu.Judging from the records of Song Shu Tian Wen Zhi,Liu Yu received the support of astronomy astrology in the process of suppression of rebellion and conquest,attributed Liu Yu’s rise to the divine will,and justified the establishment of Song Dynasty.Secondly,we discuss the reasons for scarcity of the astronomical record in Song Shu Tian Wen Zhi during the Yuan Jia period.Because the main part of Song Shu Tian Wen Zhi was completed in the Liu Song dynasties,and the astronomical astrology was closely related to Kong Xixian’s conspiracy,and Prince Liu Shao’s rebellion and other political events,the historian had to conceal the record.The second part discusses the role of astronomy and auspicious phenomena in the Emperor Wen’s ascendance and the early political situation of Yuanjia.After the death of Emperor Wu,Minister Xu Xianzhi and others deposed the young emperor who had lost his virtue,and supported the Emperor Wen."a lot of auspicious phenomena"is one of the important reasons why Emperor Wen was supported.Emperor Wen and Xu Xianzhi and others all worked hard to build the holy image of Emperor Wen.In the early period of Yuanjia,disasters such as"drought(“旱魃为虐”)"and"Mars encroached xin(“荧惑犯心”)"appeared,which was inconsistent with the image of Emperor Wen.Fan Tai used the calamities and anomalies to criticize the dictatorship of Xu Xianzhi and others.Under the pressure of strong political public opinion,Xu Xianzhi and others had to temporarily abdicate to politics,which also created conditions for Emperor Wen to eradicate them.The third part discusses the reasons for the emergence of Sweet Dew(“甘露”)and Auspicious Cereal(“嘉禾”)in the later period of Yuanjia.In the late Yuanjia period,the Liu Song dynasty reached its peak,and the Emperor Wen began largescale construction activities.During this period,Emperor Wen built Leyou Garden,rebuilt Xuanwu Lake,expanded Hualin Garden,and reopened his fields.Sweet Dew and Auspicious Cereal often appeared in these places.At the same time,Emperor Wen also worked out a plan for Fengshan Tai moutain,and Sweet Dew and Auspicious Cereal has special meaning to Fengshan.The main purpose of a series of activities of Emperor Wen in the later period of Yuanjia was to declare the legitimacy of the Liu Song Dynasty.In the 17th year of Yuanjia,the Northern Wei Dynasty unified the North and adopted a series of measures to declare the Northern Wei Dynasty as the orthodox of China.The Liu Song dynasty in the south was deeply stressed.The Emperor Wen hoped to use the method of Feng Shan to declare the orthodoxy of the Liusong dynasty.