A Research On Primary Education In Northwest Shanxi Anti-Japanese Base Area

The primary education in northwest Shanxi Province started from the new Policy in the late Qing Dynasty.During the period of the Republic of China,the government of Yan xishan carried out the construction of compulsory education in Shanxi and made some progress,but it was still very backward.Before and after the War of Resistance against Japanese aggression,the primary education in northwest Shanxi was crippled by the war and stagnated.After the Communist Party of China established a firm foothold in northwest Shanxi,it gradually opened up anti-japanese base areas and established anti-Japanese democratic government,and the construction of primary school education in northwest Shanxi began to go on the right track.After the establishment of the education department of Shanxi Northwest Office,it constantly improved the educational administrative organs,began to formulate the educational program and educational purpose,and provided institutional guarantee for the smooth development of primary education construction.In northwest Shanxi anti-japanese base area,the development of primary school education is guaranteed and promoted from three aspects: fund raising,teaching material compilation and teacher management.In the primary education funds collection and control methods,mainly from apportionment and overall planning,school and education funds and the school’s own production of income to carry on the collection,and further refine the primary education funds control items to achieve the purpose of saving funds.In terms of course content and textbook compilation,the local government will do its best to compile and print textbooks for teachers and students to use.In order to solve the problem of teacher shortage in northwest shanxi primary school,the education department of the administration of the old teacher and the absorption of new teachers to carry on the unification.In addition,relevant laws and regulations are issued to protect the salary of teachers,and preferential policies are formulated to improve the social status of teachers,so as to attract the majority of intellectuals to devote themselves to the construction of primary education.Base the development of primary school is divided into two stages,one stage before recovery and development mainly public elementary school,each county villages to rapid growth,the number of primary school children’s enrollment rate has been improved,but at the same time due to excessive pursuit of regularized construction of primary school education,resulting in education does not meet the actual needs of the public.Therefore,in the latter stage,the educational policy changed,following the principle of "mass needs and voluntary",and under the policy of "private and public assistance",the development of private primary schools became prosperous.Northwestern Shanxi base construction of elementary education has a very important historical significance,in line with the aim of all serve for the Anti-Japanese War,the war of resistance of northwestern Shanxi enterprise plays a role,overall improved the level of basic education in northwestern Shanxi areas,on the teaching management mode and teaching method also has the certain innovation,has provided a reference for today’s education.However,compared with its neighboring Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area and Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei border area,there are still problems of weak teachers and insufficient educational funds,which become one of the primary problems to be solved in the development of educational work in Shanxi-Suiyuan border area in the future.