Study On Acquisition Of Initials Of Zhuang And Putonghua For Children In Xiangbei Township,Yizhou District,Echi City

This study is a cross-sectional group study on the acquisition of initial consonants of Zhuang language and Putonghua by 62 children of Zhuang ethnic group in Xiangbei Township,Yizhou District Hechi City,which belongs to the category of children’s bilingual phonetic acquisition.This study is based on the spoken language materials of 62 Zhuang-Putonghua speaking children in the Zhuang-speaking area.According to the collection of phonemes acquired by Children of different ages,the sequence of initials acquired by children was obtained.This paper describes and analyzes the initial errors in the corpus and summarizes the types and characteristics of initial errors in children’s acquisition of Zhuang language and Putonghua.The results showed that children aged at 2～6 learned Zhuang language’s initial consonants ordered by: [m,?w,t,n,j,h→p,f→l,ts,lj,tsj→?,k,pj,tj,kj,nw,lw,tsw,jw,kw,?w→?,mj,nj,tw→others(?b,r,?d,rj,?dw,rw,kjw)];Learned Putonghua’s initials consonants ordered by: [m,t,n→p→t?→f,l,k,ts→?→th,s→others(ph,kh,tsh,t?,t?h,?h,?,?,x)].The pronunciation accuracy of bilingual initials in children increases with age.The development of children’s Zhuang language’s initials is generally superior to that of Putonghua.The types of errors in initial consonants of Zhuang language include substitution,omission and assimilation.According to the different causes,substitution can be divided into 9 types: forward shift or backward shift of pronunciation parts,de-voiced,stopped-over,afferent,passable,aspirated and nasalized.The main types of initial pronunciation errors in Putonghua are substitution.According to the different causes,the substitution types are divided into nine types: forward shift of the pronunciation,backward shift of the pronunciation,stopped-over,fricative,non-aspirated,aspirated,palatated and dullfied.Zhuang initials with high bias is:[?b,r,?d,rj,?dw,rw,kjw];Putonghua initials with high bias is: [ph,kh,tsh,t?,t?h,?h,?,?,x].The acquisition of initial consonants of two languages is influenced by two phonetic systems in the acquisition of Zhuang and Putonhua phonetics.Kindergarten language environment,family language environment,social language environment,physiological factors and the time of bilingual contact are the factors affecting children’s bilingual initial acquisition.