Research On The Ideological And Political Education Of Shanxi Peasants (1949-1956)

The ideological and political education has the function of leading social value,unifying social thought and forming social consensus,and has the role of ‘lifeline’ for national governance.From 1949 to 1956,in order to fully mobilize the peasants who accounted for more than half of China’s population and actively participate in the restoration and reconstruction of new China,Shanxi Provincial Party Committee led the Party organizations at all levels to break the barriers of peasants’ feudal thoughts through all-round,multi-field and deep-leveled ideological and political education.Gradually improved the political consciousness and political consciousness of peasants,promoted the implementation of the central work of the country,and laid a good ideological foundation for the restoration and development of new China.In the early period of the People’s Republic of China,successive years of war made the domestic economy depressed,the people were destitute,and the remnants of the reactionary forces in individual regions were rampant and deluded peasants.As a large group of peasants in a large agricultural country,the mobilization of peasants to support the Communist Party of China and to take an active part in the recovery and reconstruction of the country at that time was imperative.However,the small-scale peasant consciousness formed under the small-scale peasant economy makes peasants pay more attention to land issues and their own interests.In addition,peasants did not have the right to education,most of the low cultural level,the prevalence of feudal superstition and other feudal society legacy,seriously affected the new China’s central tasks.In view of this,the party organizations at all levels in Shanxi Province took patriotism,socialism,current affairs policy,class consciousness and internationalism as the main content,and fully considered the differences of peasants themselves,through the establishment of winter schools,private schools,the establishment of newspaper reading groups,the organization of learning groups and other teaching places,using the combination of explanation and discussion,the compilation and printing of relevant books and newspapers,the development of recreational activities,the promotion of typical patterns and other methods of instruction.In many places,in many ways,and at a profound level,the ideological and political education of peasants reshaped the ideological consciousness of the peasantry.After the ideological and political education of Shanxi peasants,it has achieved great results,enhanced the political consciousness of peasants,and promoted the implementation of the central task of the state,pushed the development of agricultural output,advanced the social atmosphere in in the countryside,and created a harmonious and stable village environment.However,there are some shortcomings in some areas,such as commandism,coercion,formalism,shortage of teaching resources,lax organizational work and so on.Ideological and political education is the experience of adhering to the party’s leadership of the ideological and political education of the peasantry,closely combining the central tasks of the party and the nation,adhering to seeking truth from facts and paying close attention to the ideological trends of peasants can provide useful enlightenment for peasants in the new era to devote themselves to rural revitalization,stimulate the endogenous motivation of ‘new peasants’,and comprehensively contribute to the building of a modern socialist power.After receiving ideological and political education,Shanxi peasants’ ideas have been changed and their political consciousness has been reshaped,enhanced their political identity with the Party,consolidated the core leadership position of the Communist Party of China among peasants,and furthered the construction and development of the country.It has important reference significance for peasants in the new era to devote themselves to rural revitalization,stimulate their initiative and creativity,build ‘new peasants’ in the era,construct a new socialist countryside,and help establish a socialist modernization in an all-round way.