Research On Energy Saving And Emission Reduction Strategies For Existing Public Buildings Considering User Behavio

China will increase its national independent contribution and adopt stronger policies and measures to help achieve the dual carbon goal.In April 2021,the National Development and Reform Commission proposed eight key tasks: carbon peak and carbon neutral,clearly requiring "vigorously adjusting the energy structure and implementing renewable energy substitution actions.".The construction industry is one of the highly energy-consuming industries,and the energy-saving renovation of existing buildings has a significant role in reducing carbon emissions and building energy consumption.Building energy conservation and emission reduction: To avoid large-scale demolition and construction,energy conservation renovation can be used to reduce energy consumption during the construction operation stage,while paying attention to the impact of user behavior on energy consumption.This paper summarizes and reviews the factors and methods considered in the research on energy conservation and emission reduction in existing buildings,On the basis of meeting the energy-saving standards for buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas,a simulation model has been established.Taking the impact of user behavior on existing public buildings as the main line,an energy conservation and emission reduction strategy considering optimization of energy conservation measures,electricity price demand response,and renewable energy participation was proposed on the premise of satisfying user comfort.The main research content and innovation points are as follows:(1)Existing public buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas serve as representative buildings.First,this paper establishes a simulation model and then obtains the combination optimization strategy by considering the global sensitivity analysis method that affects user behavior and other parameter changes.Regarding using variable electricity prices to stimulate users,this paper implements the time-sharing electricity price strategy through the demand response function.It obtains an optimization scheme for energy conservation and emission reduction.The research results indicate that in the simulation model,the air conditioning system has the highest energy consumption for heating in January and cooling in July,while the monthly energy consumption of other equipment does not change much.In the combination optimization strategy,the design energy consumption,carbon emissions,and energy consumption expenditure of the typical day in summer are reduced by24.5% compared with the initial situation;In the TOU electricity pricing strategy,the energy consumption and carbon emissions for specific summer days have been reduced by 26.4%,and user energy expenses have been reduced by 26.1%.(2)In different scenario designs,this article considers the minimum carbon emissions and maximum full life-cycle benefits and establishes a multi-objective optimization model.The NSGA-II algorithm was used to obtain energy-saving and emission-reduction plans for existing public buildings,and stability tests were conducted on their parameters.The results show that the energy-saving effect is better when photovoltaic and geothermal heat pump systems are implemented simultaneously,and the solution of the multi-objective function is close to the Pareto front.Electricity price,initial investment cost,peak hours of sunlight,and the proportion of shallow geothermal energy have a more significant impact on carbon emissions and life cycle benefits.The substitution ratio of photovoltaic and power grids exceeds 8% every 5 years throughout the entire life-cycle,with a higher substitution rate in 2050.After joining the geothermal heat pump system,the substitution rate will be increased in 2045.In summary,on the premise of satisfying user comfort,this article adopts a combination optimization and TOU pricing strategy from an economic and environmental perspective,which is conducive to load response and regulation of power supply volatility,reducing user power consumption costs and power supply side operation and maintenance costs.Although adding renewable energy increases the initial investment cost,building energy conservation and emission reduction strategies are considered under the "dual carbon" goal.The substitution of photovoltaic and shallow geothermal energy for electric energy is necessary,which achieves cost reduction and carbon emissions reduction throughout the entire life cycle.