On The History And Outlook Of Marxism In Africa Within Historical Materialism

During the Cold War,ideological politics shaped international relations and dominated the direction of relations between countries.The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund have implemented a series of structural adjustment plans in Africa,that is,Neoliberalism is a derivative of ideological politics.Although this development model has produced a short-term,one-sided economic recovery by relying on high international loans.But it brings more negative effects.In the 21 st century,Africa’s economic development has entered a fast lane,and many new developments and changes have taken place on the African continent: the autonomy and Chinese experience of African countries in formulating development strategies.This also fully demonstrates the rational thinking of African countries on their own development models in the context of the new era.As a result,the Marxist development model has returned to the field of vision as a possible alternative to African development.Therefore,this article examines the development process of the birth,climax,decline and prospects of Marxism in Africa within Historical Materialism.The full text is divided into six parts.The introduction points out the origin and research significance of this article,briefly reviews the domestic and foreign research status of the development of Marxism in Africa,and clarifies the research content and research ideas of this article.The first part explores the influence of Marxism in Africa by following the essence of Historical Materialism,that is,human liberation,freedom and all-round development,and along the logic of following the historical changes of the mode of production.The essence of the “African Dream” is also the African people’s pursuit of liberation,freedom and all-round development.At that time,African countries were faced with severe international and domestic environments and national economies that were in urgent need of recovery.When failed to fully learn the essence of Marxism and psychological identification with the Soviet model,African leaders copied the Soviet Union.The second part reviews the historical process of Marxism in African within Historical Materialism.In the early days,the social development of Africa provided the soil for Marxism to take root: African social development thought and Marxist philosophy were theoretically compatible,and its national liberation movement practice had a strong socialist color.Subsequently,the African Marxist theory came into being when the basic social contradictions intensified: The contradiction between the racist policies pursued by the colonies and the desire of the oppressed people to pursue racial equality,the contradiction between the development of colonial productivity and the shackles of production relations.Marxism was spread in Africa through the influence and promotion of the labor movement in the colonies,the international communist movement,and the works of advanced intellectuals.Furthermore,the broad masses of people in Africa pushed the Marxist movement to a climax: There is a unique relationship between capitalist exploitation and national rule in the African colonies;the black trade unions organized in the struggle and became an independent force in the Broad Liberation Alliance,in which the Communist Party is the political vanguard of the working class;the national liberation struggle also implies class struggle.The third part analyzes the three major reasons why the African Marxist movement is stuck in a predicament.The first is the inadequacy of the economic infrastructure under the backward productivity base,which is manifested in the complete denial of the capitalist development model;the socialist “industrialization”road is at the expense of agriculture;the inefficiency of the “over-expansion” of the ruling party and the poor management of the public sector is causing economic stagnation.The second is that the leadership of the proletarian party is weak and trapped in the “Tacitus Trap”,which manifests itself as the dictatorship of the party and does not allow political dissent;personality worship,corrupt bureaucracy;and collusion between party bureaucrats and interest groups.Third,the drastic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe have weakened the strength of socialist countries.This is manifested in the fact that the democracy and political system of the recipient countries in Africa are dominated by developed capitalist countries;the phenomenon that the economic development level of capitalist countries is generally higher than that of socialist countries in the world shakes the domestic economy.African countries that have failed to build;international organizations supported by developed capitalist countries have adopted “economic transformation policies”against African countries.As a result,the Marxist movement declined in Africa.The fourth part examines the future development model of Marxism in Africa along dual logics.As African countries recognize,China’s more than 40 years of success and development experience in reform and opening up are worth learning.Starting from Historical Materialism and China’s development experience,to realize this inevitability,promoting the transformation of African countries into a modern society with the help of the development of market economy and the realization of industrialization is the key.Secondly,Africa must first realize the integration with the help of the spirit of Pan-Africanism and African Nationalism.Finally,relying on international forces and relying on the development opportunity of the China-Africa Community of a Shared Future to realize the localization and nationalization of Marxism in Africa.