Research On Labor Dialectics In Manuscript Of Economics And Philosophy In 1844

Marx regarded labor as an important category in his philosophy and labor liberation as a key link of human liberation.Rooted in the social reality at that time,he inherited the reasonable core of dialectics and carried out the basic principles of materialism by actively sublating Hegel’s idealist dialectics and Feuerbach’s abstract humanism;At the same time,he constantly absorbed the rational core of political economics and gradually formed his labor dialectics theory.This paper aims to study the content of labor dialectics embodied in Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in 1844(hereinafter referred to as Manuscript),then analyses the internal connection between labour dialectics content elements,extended out communism based on the dialectic logic of negation of negation as the purpose orientation of labor dialectics.Marx’s theory of labor dialectics is a mature and systematic theory,its connotation can be summarized into three aspects: the dialectical relationship between labor objectification and non-objectification;The dialectical relationship between alienated labor and free labor;The dialectical relationship between wage labor and capital.The content of Manuscript concentrates on the first two aspects of labor dialectics,and the third aspect is Marx’s further research on the basis of the first two,which is concentrated in the later thought represented by Das Kapital.Based on the realistic and social human premise and human perceptual activities,Marx deeply explored the logical evolution of various content elements of labor dialectics.As the basic content of the whole labor dialectics,labor objectification is not only the premise of human survival,but also the externalization process of human essential power,while labor nonobjectification is the reverse process of labor objectification,that is,the return of the object to the subject and the self-confirmation process.However,this process of reversion is gradually manifested as an abnormal state in the private ownership society,especially in the capitalist society,it is manifested as alienated labor and the enslavement of the subject by the material force as the result of labor.In Manuscript,Marx focused on the content of labor objectification and alienated labor,and also explained the positive sublation of alienated labor in order to realize the return of human essential power.The dialectical relationship between wage labor and capital is the result of Marx’s in-depth study and revelation of the real secrets of capitalist society on the basis of the implementation of the logic of alienation.Labor objectification is more universal in logic and history,while alienated labor is only a special state,which is the manifestation of labor non-objectification in capitalist society.But there are still differences between labor non-objectification and alienated labor,and the biggest difference is whether the object can be occupied by the subject.Wage labor is the concentrated embodiment of alienated labor in capitalist society,and it is a special phenomenon of capitalist society in essence.The dialectical relationship between wage labor and capital is also the implementation of alienated logic,that is,the application of negation of negation.Therefore,the deepening of Marx’s research direction and the implementation of dialectical thinking can be seen from the objectification of labor to hired labor.There are important theoretical and practical values in deeply study of Marx’s labor dialectics.It is helpful for us to understand the purpose orientation of labor dialectics,that is,communism,and further strengthening our belief in the cause of communism.It is helpful for us to explore the laws of social history and understand historical materialism based on labor.It is conducive to enrich the concept of labor in the new era,treat labor scientifically,treat different labor activities equally,adhere to the dominant position of the people,and promote the construction of labor democracy and harmonious relations.