Study On The Pagoda Of Bolin Temple In Zhaozhou

Hebei has a long history of Buddhist culture,with ancient relics and buildings all over the province.As a symbolic and iconic building of Buddhist monasteries,pagodas occupy an important position in the history of Buddhist architecture in China.The remains of pagodas in the whole Hebei region are dominated by the dense eaves pagodas of the Liao and Jin dynasties,among which the Berlin Temple Pagoda in Zhaozhou is an ideal object for case study as a mature work of dense eaves solid brick pagoda.The pagoda was built to commemorate the Zen master Zhaozhou Zongcuo of the Tang Dynasty,and is therefore called Zhaozhou Pagoda or Zenji Zen Master Pagoda.Due to its construction age,natural disasters and war and military damage,the pagoda has undergone five major restorations and two partial repairs since its initial construction.The entire pagoda is now well preserved and has important regional architectural features and religious art value.At the same time,the pagoda base and the pagoda body are rich in image inscriptions,Yuan Dynasty inscriptions and Buddhist scriptures have been found in the pagoda brakes,and inscriptions made during the repair of the pagoda in successive generations remain in the temple,providing valuable original materials for understanding the folk style and local culture of Hebei since the Yuan Dynasty.In the field of Chinese pagoda history,the overall study of the Zhaozhou Pagoda in Berlin Temple is weak,and the article will combine the approaches of historical literature,architecture and religion to conduct a comprehensive study of the Zhaozhou Pagoda.First,an overview of the architectural background of the Zhaozhou Pagoda and the architectural style of the mikado is presented.After Buddhism was introduced to the Hebei region during the Eastern Han Dynasty,it was accepted and recognized by all classes and continued to grow and develop,which also greatly contributed to the construction and spread of pagodas.The opening chapter compares the development of Buddhism and the Berlin Temple in Hebei and provides a brief review of the background of the construction of the Zhaozhou Pagoda.At the same time,it introduces the construction and distribution of ancient pagodas in Hebei and describes the architectural style of the mikado.The second is the history of the Zhaozhou Pagoda and its rise and fall.Starting from the history of the rise and fall of the monastery of Berlin Temple,we clarify the relationship between the monastery and the pagoda.Then,moving from the history of the temple to the history of the construction of the pagoda,we will sort out the historical history of the Zhaozhou pagoda,examine the time of its initial construction,and further sort out the process,process and influence of its construction in successive generations.Emphasis will be placed on analyzing and restoring the results of the two major restorations during the Yuan and Ming dynasties,based on existing inscriptions and archaeological results from the Yuan and Ming dynasties.Finally,to determine the two partial repair methods and impact after the Qing Dynasty,examine the 1997 Zhaozhou Tower overhaul,to explore the historical changes in its repair process and engineering technology.The third is the regional style of the Zhaozhou Tower,form characteristics and cultural background.With the main body of Zhaozhou Tower after the repair in the third year of the Yuan Dynasty(1330),a comprehensive comparative study of the pagoda is conducted,including both a horizontal geographical comparison of Zhaozhou Tower from near to far,and a vertical time comparison of Zhaozhou Tower from early to late.On the one hand,a macroscopic horizontal observation of the pagodas in Zhaozhou will be realized by comparing them with different Yuan pagodas in the Yan-Zhao region,the Central Plains region,and the southern region of China,using geographical location as a yardstick,to clarify the characteristics of pagodas in different regions,and to provide an overview of the regional nature,value,and deep influence of the pagodas in Zhaozhou.On the other hand,the Song Yue Temple Pagoda of the Northern Wei Dynasty,the Small Wild Goose Pagoda of the Tang Dynasty and the Cheng Ling Pagoda of the Jin Dynasty are selected for a longitudinal time comparison with the Zhaozhou Pagoda to analyze the formal origin,cultural connotation and construction concept of the Zhaozhou Pagoda.An overview of the formal characteristics of the pagodas of the Northern Wei,Sui and Tang dynasties,Liao and Jin dynasties and Yuan dynasty is given,and the regionalized development of the form of Zhaozhou pagoda,as well as the continuity and evolution of the structure and ornamentation are analyzed.