Research On Bakhtin’s Theories Of Dialogic Criticism

Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin is known as one of the most important thinkers of the20 th century.His academic thinking is profound and profound,and "dialogue" is a red line that runs through it.Almost all of his theories are constructed around dialogue.Critical theory is a theory about criticism,which focuses on the formation process and operation mode of criticism,the characteristics and value of criticism itself,and is a theoretical construction of the basic issues of literary criticism.Bakhtin’s dialogue ideology permeated the field of literary criticism,forming Bakhtin’s theory of dialogue criticism.This is a theory that examines how literary criticism achieves its own theoretical construction and discourse practice through dialogue.This article takes interpretive research as the main method,with Bakhtin’s theory of dialogue criticism as the research core.It attempts to clarify the theoretical deduction path of its central category "author and reader",systematically examine the unique appearance of its theory,and strive to succinctly and concisely reflect the basic form of Bakhtin’s theory of dialogue criticism.It also reflects on its theoretical value and current practical difficulties in the context of Chinese reality.The first chapter mainly solves the generative logic problem of Bakhtin’s dialogue criticism theory in Bakhtin’s thought.The dialogue relationship between me and others"is the core of Bakhtin’s ideological system,and its related theories are all based on this,thus concretizing in different contexts and narratives."I and others" in philosophical anthropology is the starting point of the relationship category in Bakhtin’s thought,"author and hero" is its transformation in the field of aesthetics and poetics,"speaker and listener" is its development to the field of super linguistics,and in the field of literary criticism,"speaker and listener" can be concreted as "reader and author".Thus,the core of Bakhtin’s "dialogue relationship between me and others" extends along the theoretical path of literary criticism,ultimately pointing to the construction of Bakhtin’s theory of dialogue criticism.Bakhtin believes that the dialogue and communication between readers and authors through the text is the operational form of literary criticism.In this process,the dialogue relationship between readers and authors,and the dialogue mode constructed by this dialogue relationship,shape literary criticism and have an important role in it.The second chapter explores the connotation of Bakhtin’s theory of dialogue criticism from the perspective of the subject.The subject of dialogue criticism is the ’self in dialogue with others’.Externality hyperopia "is the attitude of the subject of criticism towards the object of criticism,and it is the prerequisite and condition for literary criticism to proceed.The subject of criticism understands the object of criticism and then makes interpretive interpretations,which constitute the way in which the subject of criticism participates in dialogue and criticism.Understanding is not a predetermined thing,it is always a revelation of the meaning of symbols,and interpretation is not a selfconsistent thing in the mind.It is always a communication that takes into account the author’s original intention,the meaning of the work,and the reader’s understanding.Critics must see this revelation and communication in various languages,such as speech and language.This language of expression and form is discourse,that is,"expressive discourse".The third chapter explores the connotation of Bakhtin’s theory of dialogue criticism from the perspective of traits.Dialogue criticism is characterized by the dialogue spirit demonstrated in literary criticism,characterized by polyphonic character and carnival ideals.Placing readers in the meaning generating structure of polyphonic theory,it can be found that Bakhtin’s polyphonic theory foreshadows a polyphonic critical structure,which exudes a dialogic interpretive character behind it.On the one hand,the polyphonic critical structure is composed of heterogeneous coexisting voices and consciousness;On the other hand,heterogeneous coexisting voices form a tense dynamic argumentative relationship,pointing towards a conversational open semantic structure.By linking the carnival theory with the critical scene,it can be found that Bakhtin’s carnival theory foreshadows a critical structure centered on carnival,which exudes a dialogic ideal behind it,specifically characterized by the carnival’s critical atmosphere,carnival style critical mode,and carnival oriented critical language.The fourth chapter explores the connotation of Bakhtin’s theory of dialogue criticism from a practical perspective.Based on Bakhtin’s relevant discourse and critical practice,we regard dialogue as the core of his practical strategy.In terms of the order of the critical process,we roughly summarize the operational principles and critical consciousness involved in the practical strategy into: participatory principle and contextual consciousness,inter subjectivity principle and dual voice consciousness,unfinished principle and long-term time consciousness,thus achieving the presence of criticism,interaction of criticism,and proliferation of criticism.Overall,in Bakhtin’s view,dialogue criticism refers to the practical activity of balancing the principle of dialogue and polyphonic taste to achieve the ideal of carnivalization.In terms of theoretical value,the dialogue thinking,comprehensive methods,critical categories,cultural logic,and overall contextual perspective in Bakhtin’s dialogue criticism theory have played a significant methodological role in inspiring China’s construction of criticism theory and conducting criticism practice.However,there are many difficulties in the integration of current Chinese literary criticism practice with Bakhtin’s theory of dialogue criticism.Injecting rich critical awareness and practical character into the application of critical categories,the integration of theory and practice,and the understanding of the essence of "dialogue" spirit is an urgent problem that needs to be solved by the Chinese criticism community.