The Influence Of Accessibility On The Spatial Distribution Of Logistics Enterprises

With the continued deepening of economic globalization in recent decades,the social and economic structure has undergone profound changes,regional divisions of labor and cooperation have continued to deepen,economic development has continued to move toward integration,and the production of commodities,technology,information,and services,among other things,has continued to evolve.Factors are in constant flux,and the capacity to optimize resource allocation has significantly improved.In such a context,businesses are focusing more on specific consumer needs,providing items faster,and seeking cost-cutting and quality improvement opportunities.In both volume and intensity,the demand for logistics in the economy and society is rapidly increasing.Logistics is growing more popular as a competitive strategy for reducing lead times,boosting delivery reliability and flexibility,and improving customer responsiveness.This has sparked a lot of attention,and numerous studies have looked into the spatial laws of logistics enterprises or logistics node facilities,as well as the factors that influence their location.Most of these studies,on the other hand,examine transportation infrastructure using macro-aggregated data or distances to transportation hubs,ignoring the consideration of global transportation infrastructure implications.This paper analyzes the spatial imbalance characteristics of logistics enterprises in Chongqing using data from the fourth national economic census,and employs a variety of GIS spatial analysis tools such as KDE,ESDA,Ripley’s K,and bivariate Moran’s I.On this basis,using the negative binomial regression model,by constructing market accessibility and traffic accessibility indicators,the impact of accessibility on the location selection of logistics enterprises in Chongqing is discussed more comprehensively.The following are the primary conclusions:(1)The regional distribution of logistics enterprises in Chongqing is quite uneven.The city’s logistics enterprises congregate in the central city,while regional logistics centers in the northeast and southeast of Chongqing are Wanzhou District and Qianjiang District.However,in recent years,this disparity has improved.At the same time,the distribution of logistics enterprises has an obvious urban tendency,and only 10% of logistics enterprises are located in rural areas.In terms of spatial pattern and agglomeration characteristics,it generally shows a multi-center pattern of "one main and multiple subordinates".The central urban area is the largest agglomeration center,and the spatial autocorrelation is significant.(2)The logistics businesses in the central urban region are mostly concentrated in the inner ring,forming a "multi-peak" ring structure,with a substantial tendency of new businesses to move to the suburbs.It is generally scattered and partially concentrated in terms of spatial pattern and agglomeration characteristics,with a multi-center distribution pattern of "two main and multiple subordinates" that is remarkable,and agglomeration centers that rely on commodity trading markets and logistics hubs.Simultaneously,logistics businesses in the central metropolitan area exhibit strong geographical clustering.The HH agglomeration regions are predominantly found in Liangjiang New Area,whereas the LL agglomeration areas are mostly found on the city’s eastern outskirts.(3)It is clear that the geographical distribution variability of logistics enterprises in many industries is significant.Road transport enterprises are mainly concentrated in the main urban areas,water transport enterprises are distributed along with the river,multimodal transport and transport agency enterprises are mainly concentrated in Jiulongpo,Yubei,Jiangbei,and other districts and counties,and loading,unloading and warehousing enterprises are mainly concentrated in the central urban area in the surrounding districts and counties,the distribution of postal enterprises is relatively balanced.Except for water transportation enterprises,the distributions of other types of logistics enterprises show spatial autocorrelation.Within the city,road transportation,loading,unloading,and warehousing enterprises are more inclined to be distributed in the peripheral areas of the city,multimodal transportation and transportation agency enterprises are inclined to the city center,and the distribution of postal enterprises is the most complicated.(4)From the perspective of the spatial correlation between the distribution of logistics enterprises and the transportation infrastructure,the logistics enterprises in the city area are placed along the expressway corridor,and the distribution of roads,canals,railways,and logistics enterprises exhibits spatial autocorrelation.The road network in the core city is directly linked to the micro-location of logistics enterprises,and big logistics enterprises prefer ports,railway cargo terminals,and airports.(5)Whether it is inter-regional market accessibility or intra-regional market accessibility,it will have a positive impact on the location selection of logistics enterprises.The greater the market accessibility,the more conducive it is to attracting more logistics enterprises.The intra-regional market accessibility is conducive to increasing the operating income of enterprises,which further confirms the influence of market demand on the location of enterprises;the estimated coefficient of inter-regional market accessibility is positive,but not significant.For transportation accessibility,ports have a significant positive effect on attracting logistics enterprises,but there is no evidence that it increases business income.The industry and regional heterogeneity test shows that road transportation,loading and unloading,and warehousing enterprises are more significantly affected by intra-regional market accessibility,while multimodal transport and transport agency,and postal enterprises are more affected by inter-regional market accessibility.For different regions,the central urban area is more clearly affected by the inter-regional market accessibility,the main city new area is affected by both the inter-regional and intra-regional market accessibility,the northeastern Chongqing is affected by the intraregional market accessibility,and the southeastern Chongqing is affected by the intraregional market accessibility.Accessibility to highways,ports,rail freight hubs,and airports presents complex impacts across regions and industries.