The Influence Of Homonym And Phonetic Initiation On The Early Processing Of Regular Chinese Characters

What role does homonymous initiation play in the early processing of Chinese characters? This issue is still widely debated,and there are both promoting and inhibitory effects in previous research results.There are many factors affecting the expression of homophonic priming effect,so this experiment will select some factors for exclusion tests to explore the influence of homophone initiation on the early processing of Chinese characters,and add phonetic initiation factors on this basis to explore.Current research on the process of vocabulary recognition generally believes that there are whole words and sub-vocabulary units.The Interactive-Activation Model(IA model)believes that in pinyin script,there are three levels of word recognition:letter features,letters,and monosyllabic words,and there are side-inhibition,mutual promotion,top-down "feedback" processes and bottom-up "uplink" processes between levels and levels(Mc Clelland & Rumelhart,1981).In Chinese characters,about 80% of Chinese characters are shape-sound characters,and we believe that its sub-vocabulary unit is shape-side harmony,which usually has independent pronunciation and can be used as a single character in Chinese.Grossberg(1984)proposed a model to complement the interaction activation model,which believes that the letter strings of words can be represented at both the whole word level and the sub-vocabulary level.In Chinese characters,we understand it as the sound side in Chinese characters,which can be represented as a single character at the whole character level,or as the radical at the sub-vocabulary level.The radical usually provides phonetic information for Chinese characters,but its pronunciation is sometimes not the same as the whole word,when the radical is the same as the whole character(regardless of tone)we call it a regular character,such as "硅"(gui)and the radical "圭"(gui)pronounced the same,then "硅" is a regular character;"佳"(jia)is different from the sound next to the radical,and it is called an irregular character.The regular effect also belongs to the sub-vocabulary processing unit,and Liang Li(2019)found that the effect of homophone initiation family is separated in the regular family and the irregular family when exploring the size and regularity effect of the paraphonic family.In the Chinese character radical family,there are regular families and irregular families,and if there are more regular characters than irregular characters in the radical family members,it is a regular family,and vice versa.In the irregular family,the larger the target family induces a smaller P200 amplitude,but in the regular family,there is no statistically significant difference in the P200 amplitude induced by large and small families,that is,the promotion effect of large family disappears.The difference between the two families is that the pronunciation guidance of family member characters is high or low in the sound side,so Liang Li believes that the reasons for the different results may be related to the radical,and puts forward the homophone side interference feedback hypothesis,hypothesis: the sound side in Chinese characters is activated as a single character,and as a whole character competes with family members at the whole character level,inhibiting the rule family member characters,in the rule family,As an individual character with the same pronunciation and the same glyph as the regular target word,it will appear many times as a component of the member character in the large family,which will increase its activation level,resulting in its competitive advantage as a monogram at the whole character level than the member character in the family,so that the feedback of members in the same radical family on the sub-font layer of the target character is weakened,and the "facilitation" effect of the large family on the sub-vocabulary layer disappears.In the irregular family,the pronunciation of the voice is different from that of most family members,and the phonetic activation of the whole word makes the radical of the whole sound inhibit the activation of the whole word of most members of the homophone rule family,so the facilitation effect of the early paraphonic sub-vocabulary processing of the large family exists and can show a promoting effect.Liang Li designed experiment 2 to verify this hypothesis,and the experiment used the true and false word judgment task,and selected the starting word with the same sound as the target word and the same sound side family(that is,the radical is consistent),and the results showed that the homophone starting large family condition would induce a corrected P200 amplitude compared with the unrelated starting large family condition.That is,homophonic initiation inhibits the subtone layer processing,which supports the hypothesis that the homophone side interferes with the feedback of the homophone member,that is,the member of the rule family.In experiment 1,Liang Li’s experimental materials were adjusted,and the starting character was replaced with a Chinese character that was the same as the target character but different next to the sound,aiming to exclude the influence of the same radical,focusing on the rule family,and using the experimental design of a single factor subject,setting three experimental conditions: homophone starting family,irrelevant starting large family and irrelevant starting small family.The experimental results show that the opposite speech initiation effect(specific main effect)is shown on the EEG P200 component,and the P200 amplitude induced by the homophonic priming family is significantly smaller than that of the unrelated priming family,which supports Liang Li’s hypothesis of homophonetic radical interference feedback,which promotes the early processing of large family regular Chinese characters after detachment from the same radical.The similar structure of Chinese characters will also have an impact on the early recognition process of Chinese characters.In order to reduce the influence of other influencing factors as much as possible,we designed Experiment 2,changing the starting material to pinyin,requiring the subjects to perform the task of judging the true and false characters after spelling the pinyin in their heads,using single-factor within-subject experimental design and ERP technology,by adding phonetic similarity conditions,that is,the priming condition of the same final and the same initial consonant,to explore the influence of homophone and phonetic priming on the early sub-character processing of regular characters.In addition,this experiment will use the P200 component and N400 component as a reference to explore whether there is a difference in the processing process initiated by homonyms and phonetic sounds,because when reading the references,we found that in the study of rule families,predecessors usually classified homophones(Chinese characters with the same pronunciation as whole characters)and semi-homophones(initial consonant or vowels are the same as the initial consonant or vowels of whole characters)as regular characters,such as 桂,硅,鲑 and 闺 in the " 圭 "(gu ī)radical family If the pronunciation is the same,it is a homophone,挂(gua),卦(gua),诖(gua),恚(hui),跬(kui),奎(kui)are family members with the same initial consonant or the same vowel as the voice,then it is a semi-homophone,佳(jia),鞋(xie),etc.are different sounds from the radical which are heterophones,and the predecessors classified semi-homophones into the category of regular words when defining the rule family.Through this experiment,the rationality of the definition of the rule family of predecessors can also be tested.The results of experiment 2 showed that the main effect of speech priming was significant on the P200 component,and the same pinyin initiation,phonetic initiation and vowel same pinyin initiation all induced smaller P200 amplitudes than unrelated activation,reflecting the facilitation effect of homophone and phonetic initiation on the early recognition process of Chinese characters.However,the P200 components between all the same pinyin start,the same initial consonant pinyin start and the same vowel Pinyin start conditions did not show significant differences.None of the four conditions showed significant differences in N400 components,so we believe that there is no significant difference between homophony and phonetic speech initiation processing,and the definition of rule family is reasonable.The difference in N400 components between the same pinyin initiation and irrelevant starting conditions was not significant,and it also showed that after eliminating the interference of glyphs,the interference effect of homonymic initiation on the final judgment of Chinese characters disappeared.In many studies using EEG technology in this direction,two experimental paradigms are mainly adopted: true and false character judgment task and the same word judgment task,so experiment 3 is set up,the same character judgment task is used,and other experimental designs are consistent with experiment 2 to explore whether different experimental paradigms are also one of the reasons for the inconsistency of homophone initiation on the early process of Chinese character recognition,and continue to test whether there are differences in the processing process of homophones and semi-homophones under this experimental paradigm.The experimental results showed that the main effect of speech priming in the P200 component was not significant.On the N400 component,the main effect of speech priming was not significant,but the irrelevant priming induced a more negative N400 amplitude than the same Pinyin initiation,showing the facilitation effect of homophonic initiation on the recognition process of Chinese characters.There is no significant difference between the P200 component and N400 component between the same pinyin start,the same initial consonant,and the same pinyin start conditions,which once again supports the rationality of the existing rule family classification.Based on the three experiments,we believe that homophone initiation and phonetic initiation can play a facilitating role in the early recognition process of Chinese characters,but will be affected by the form of the initiation material and the experimental task.There is no significant difference between the processing process of homophone and semi-homophonetic speech,and the classification of rule families in previous studies is reasonable.