On Wang Fuzhi’s Idea Of History From The “Comments About Song Dynasty”

Wang Fuzhi was an eminent historiographer and philosopher that lived in the late Ming and early Qing.He has been experiencing the violent social unrest,and then lived in seclusion in the mountains and wrote books in his later years.The purpose of his writing "Comments about Song Dynasty" is to explore "the gains and losses of the rise and fall of the ancient and modern times" through the gains and losses of the political affairs of the Song Dynasty,and to trace the internal logic of the existence of the regime from the historical experience and lessons of the Song Dynasty.Based on the "Comments about Song Dynasty" as the basic material and Wang Fuzhi’s Zang of historical figures and events in the Song Dynasty as the clue,this paper mainly interprets Wang Fuzhi’s historical view from three aspects: orthodoxy,rise and fall,and economic outlook,and then grasps Wang Fuzhi’s historical view as a whole.This article mainly discusses Wang Fuzhi’s view of history from three aspects.The first aspect is Wang Fuzhi’s orthodoxy.The background of Wang Fuzhi’s orthodoxy originates from the inheritance and development of Confucian orthodoxy.It is mainly embodied in three parts: national orthodoxy,political ethics orthodoxy and academic orthodoxy.In terms of national orthodoxy,the view of Yi Xia,which runs through Wang Fuzhi’s historical thoughts,is regarded as one of the great chasms in the world.In the part of political ethics orthodoxy,Wang Fuzhi did not break through the traditional ideological category of Confucianism,and talked about how the monarch,the scholar and the gentleman should deal with themselves.In terms of academic orthodoxy,although Wang Fuzhi advocated the practical learning of being practical and practical,its academic origin still could not get rid of the stereotype of traditional culture,and the traditional Confucian concept ran through the Song Lun.Wang Fuzhi’s academic purport,from the perspective of maintaining the orthodoxy of Confucius and Mencius,is anti-Buddhist and anti-Lao,and has some academic trade-offs.The second concept is Wang Fuzhi’s view about the laws of the alternation of dynasties.It is mainly divided into three parts:Wang Fuzhi on the reasons of why the Song Dynasty rose and how to be flourishing,Wang Fuzhi on the reasons of why the Song Dynasty’s reign has become decline even collapse,and Wang Fuzhi on the Song Dynasty.The third aspect is Wang Fuzhi’s Consicious of function which mainly includes three parts: economy,govern and benefiit the people,military use.Finally,it summarizes the content of Wang Fuzhi’s view of history in the "Comments about Song Dynasty",including the unique historical perspective and practical significance,the historical consciousness of communicating history and reality,and the comparison of the historical understanding of the Song Dynasty,talks about the history of Song Dynasty to comprehend the political characteristics,and explains the limitations of this article.Wang Fuzhi’s exposition of his idea of history can be said to be unique,and has reached a height that has never been reached before.On the basis of systematically combing Wang Fuzhi’s idea of history,this paper hopes to have a new understanding of Wang Fuzhi’s idea of history.Relying on historical criticism,Wang Fuzhi made deep thinking on politics,economy,national relations,etc.,restricted the power of "monarch,minister,and admonishment",and criticized the family law of suspicion,all of which reflected Wang Fuzhi’s people-oriented philosophy.His ideas and programs of governing the country are compatible with modern political philosophy,and have reference significance for the democratic construction of modern China.